血液病患者医院感染病原菌谱分布及耐药性调查

目的了解医院血液疾病住院患者感染病原菌构成谱及耐药性,以指导临床合理应用抗菌药物。方法通过细菌分离培养鉴定技术和药敏试验方法,对该医院血液科2010年1月-2012年6月血液病住院患者临床送检标本进行了病原菌调查。结果调查期间从各类标本中共检出不同病原菌304株,居前3位的是革兰阴性菌占56.9%,真菌占28.3%,革兰阳性菌占14.8%。病原菌主要来自血液标本。主要病原菌为大肠杆菌,其对头孢类、庆大霉素、环丙沙星等抗菌药物耐药率较高。相关主要感染疾病中急性白血病感染占36.4%,恶性淋巴瘤占29.9%,多发性骨髓瘤占19.8%。结论血液病住院患者医院感染病原菌以革兰阴性杆菌为主,其中大肠杆菌对常用抗菌药物耐药率较高,急性白血病为化疗高发感染疾病。

INVESTIGATION ON THE PATHOGENS SPECTRUM DISTRIBUTION AND DRUG RESISTANCE OF NOSOCOMIAL INFECTION IN HEMATOPATHY PATIENTS

Objective To understand the pathogens spectrum and drug resistance of nosocomial infection in hematopathy inpatients in order to guide clinical rational application of antimicrobial agents.Methods The culture and identification of isolated bacteria and drug sensitive test were used to investigate the pathogenic bacteria of the hospitalized patients from January 2010 to June 2012.Results 304 strains of pathogenic bacteria were identified from all kinds of specimen,the top three of which were gram negative bacteria(accounted for 56.9%),the fungi(accounted for 28.3%) and gram positive bacteria(accounted for 14.8%).The pathogenic bacteria were mainly from blood specimens.The main pathogenic bacteria were Escherichia coli,which had high drug resistance rate to Cephalosporins,Gentamycin,Ciprofloxacin and so on.In the major infection diseases,acute leukemia accounted for 36.4%,malignant lymphoma occupied 29.9%,and multiple myeloma accounted for 19.8%.Conclusion The main pathogenic bacteria of hematopathy inpatients was gram negative bacilli.The drug resistance of Escherichia coli to commonly used antimicrobial agents was high.The acute leukemia was prevalent infection disease in chemotherapy.