晚发型抑郁障碍患者认知功能损害的神经心理学特点

目的 探讨晚发型抑郁障碍患者认知功能损害的情况.方法 选择2012年7月～2013年8月上海市精神卫生中心老年科住院与门诊符合DSM-Ⅳ诊断标准的起病年龄≥60岁的抑郁障碍患者26例为晚发型抑郁障碍组（LOD组）,同时选取性别、年龄1∶1匹配的上海社区正常老人26例作为正常对照（NC）组.认知功能评估采用简明精神状态量表（MMSE）、蒙特利尔量表（MoCA）.结果 LOD组与NC组比较MMSE总分、时间定向力、地点定向力、计算力与注意力差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.两组MoCA总分及各因子分,两组之间在MoCA总分、画钟、注意、持续注意、计算、复述、延迟回忆及时间定向差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.结论 晚发型抑郁障碍患者认知功能存在损害且涉及范围较广,包括注意力、执行功能、延迟回忆、定向力等方面.

Neuropsychological research on cognitive impairment in late-onset depressive disorder

Objective- To study the cognitive impairment in late--onset depressive disorder. Meth- ods 26 patients that were met the DSM--IV diagnostic criteria of depressive disorder and over 60 years old were collected in Shanghai mental health outpatient and inpatient from July, 2012 to August, 2013. 26 health controls were matched with age and sex from Shanghai community. Results There were signif- icant differences between the participants with LOD and NC in the total score of MMSE, orientation to place, time orientation, and calculation and attention （P 〈 0.05）. There were significant differences between two groups in the total score of MoCA, clock drawing test, attention, sustained attention, calculation, delayed recall, repetition and time orientation （P 〈 0.05）. Conclusions Cognitive impairment had been found in multiple cognitive demainsin late--onset depressive disorder, mainly in executive function, attention, delayed recall and orientation to place.