经尿道输尿管镜下钬激光治疗儿童输尿管囊肿13例报告

目的:探讨经尿道输尿管镜下钬激光治疗儿童输尿管口囊肿的疗效.方法:2005年1月～2007年1月对13例14侧儿童输尿管囊肿采用经尿道输尿管镜下钬激光治疗.对于直径小于1 cm的囊肿,以钬激光从管口切开直到囊肿根部;而对于直径大于1 cm但小于3 cm的囊肿,则于囊肿膨胀时将囊肿低位切开并切除下1/3囊肿壁,使引流通畅,并使剩余的近侧囊肿成一活瓣样结构,防止输尿管尿液反流.结束手术前检查囊肿在输尿管喷尿期不再膨胀.如果仍存在膨胀,则说明切除量不够,可再切除部分囊肿壁.对于合并囊内结石者,将囊肿切开后用钬激光直接行碎石治疗,然后将碎石冲出.结果:所有患者均一次成功.手术时间20～70 min,平均30 min.无输血与死亡.住院5～12天,平均7天.13例患者术后病理检查报告均示输尿管口囊肿.患者血尿、腰腹疼痛及排尿困难均消失.13例均获得随访,随访时间6～24个月.经B超及膀胱造影等检查证实无复发,无输尿管尿液反流,无输尿管开口狭窄.7例7侧肾积水消失,1例两侧肾积水明显减轻.结论:对于直径小于3cm的儿童输尿管囊肿,采用经尿道输尿管镜下钬激光治疗疗效满意,值得推广应用.

Transurethral treatment of children ureterocele with holmium-laser under ureteroscope(Report of 13 cases)

Objective:To discuss the therapeutic effect of holmium-laser on children ureterocele under ureteroscope.Methods:13 cases were treated with holium-laser for 14 sites from January 2005 to January 2007.Different operation methods were used due to different sizes.Results:All cases were successfully conducted.The mean operation time was 30 minutes.There was no transfusion and death case.There was no recurrence and reflux postoperative case.Conclusions:Holmium-laser has good effect on children ureterocele whose diameter is less than 3 cm and should be widely spread.