经皮椎体后凸骨水泥成形联合^125I放射粒子植入治疗脊柱转移瘤

背景：针对肿瘤破坏导致的椎体骨折，进而引起的神经功能障碍，单纯的放疗作用微小。近年来125I放射粒子已广泛应用于多种原发或继发肿瘤并取得良好效果。经皮球囊扩张椎体后凸成形可效恢复椎体高度，重建脊柱稳定性，缓解疼痛症状。 目的：观察经皮球囊扩张椎体后凸成形骨水泥注入联合125I放射粒子治疗脊柱转移瘤的疗效及安全性。 方法：回顾性分析2011年3月至2012年7月经皮球囊扩张椎体后凸成形注入骨水泥联合125I放射粒子治疗的30例脊柱转移瘤患者，收集患者的症状、体征、影像学资料，治疗前均有顽固性背痛，CT提示有椎体骨质破坏。采用目测类比评分、WHO疼痛缓解标准、功能障碍指数来评估治疗后临床症状转归及神经功能恢复情况，测量病椎高度变化。随访时间为治疗后1 d、1个月及6个月。 结果与结论：30例患者治疗过程顺利，治疗后24 h疼痛缓解，无神经损伤及压迫症状。治疗后目测类比评分、疼痛缓解情况、功能障碍指数、椎体高度均较治疗前显著改善（P 〈 0.05）。治疗后随访1个月及6个月，目测类比评分、功能障碍指数、椎体高度变化与治疗后24 h差异无显著性意义（P 〉 0.05）。骨水泥向椎间隙、前纵韧带下渗漏各2例无临床症状。提示经皮球囊扩张椎体后凸成形骨水泥注入联合125I放射粒子治疗脊柱转移瘤，能迅速缓解肿瘤所致的疼痛，有效恢复病椎高度，并发症少，显著提高患者生活质量。

Percutaneous kyphoplasty combined with 125I for treatment of metastatic spinal tumors

BACKGROUND： Radiotherapy alone is not suitable for tumor-caused vertebral fractures and neurological dysfunction. In recent years, 125I radiation particles have been widely used in a variety of primary or secondary tumors and achieved good results. Percutaneous kyphoplasty can restore vertebral height efficiently, remodel spinal stability, and relieve pain.
OBJECTIVE： To evaluate safety and effectiveness of percutaneous kyphoplasty combined with 125I in patients with metastatic spinal tumors.
METHODS： A retrospective study was conducted to review 30 cases of metastatic spinal tumors undergoing percutaneous kyphoplasty combined with 125I from March 2011 to July 2012. Symptoms, signs, and imaging findings were collected and analyzed. All the patients had a refractoriness back pain. CT scan showed osteolytic changes in the vertebrae. The visual analogue scales, WHO standards for pain relief and Owestry disability index
were recorded to analyze the clinical symptoms outcome and recovery of neurological function, and the change of height in abnormal vertebrae was measured. The follow-up time was 1 day, 1 month and 6 months postoperatively.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION： Operations in all the 30 patients were done successfully. All patients got a conspicuous pain relief in 24 hours after operation, and nospinal injury or compression was found. There were significant differences in scores of visual analogue scales, pain levels, Owestry disability index, and the height of vertebral bodies before and after operation （P 〈 0.05）. During postoperative follow-up of 1 and 6 months, scores of visual analogue scales, pain levels, Owestry disability index, and the height of vertebral bodies showed no difference from those at 24 hours postoperatively （P 〉 0.05）. Bone cement leakage occurred in the anterior longitudinal ligament （n=2） and intervertebral space （n=2）, and no serious complications occurred. Percutaneous kyphoplasty combined with 125I is a safe and effective way to treat metastatic spinal tumors, which can quickly ease the pain caused by spinal tumor, recover the abnormal vertebral height, reduce complications and improve life quality of patients.