新生儿小脑发育与胎龄的相关性研究

目的　通过颅脑超声检测25~41周新生儿出生时的小脑，分析小脑随胎龄的发育规律，利于临床早期评估小脑发育。 方法　提取318例25~41周适于胎龄儿颅脑超声图像，测量小脑横径，蚓部高度、前后径、周长和面积，作统计学分析。 结果　小脑横径与胎龄最适曲线为直线方程Y=0.1036X+0.1929，R2=0.727(P<0.001)。蚓部高度与胎龄最适曲线为直线方程Y=0.069X-0.3156，R2=0.823(P<0.001)；蚓部前后径与胎龄最适曲线为直线方程Y=0.0509X-0.5798，R2=0.735(P<0.001)；蚓部周长与胎龄最适曲线为直线方程Y=0.2811X-1.5932，R2=0.782(P<0.001)；蚓部面积与胎龄最适曲线为直线方程Y=0.2283X-4.4559，R2=0.817(P<0.001)。其中蚓部高度与胎龄的正相关性最强，相关系数为0.907(P<0.001)。 结论　在适于胎龄儿中，建立出生时小脑横径，蚓部高度、前后径、周长和面积与胎龄之间的宫外参考范围，以此为依据可为临床宫外诊断和评估小脑发育提供参考。

Study on the relationship between cerebellum development and gestational age in neonatal infants

Objective　To analyze cerebellum development with gestational age and to evaluate clinical early cerebellum development, by means of cranial ultrasound to measure the neonatal cerebellum for gestational age of 25 to 41 weeks on the day of birth.　Methods 　Three hundred and eighteen eligible cranial ultrasound images of neonates of appropriate for gestational age from 25 to 41 weeks were selected. Transverse cerebellar diameter, vermis height, vermis diameter, vermis circumference and vermis area were measured for statistical analysis.　Results　Transverse cerebellar diameter formed a linear equation with the gestational age, which was Y=0.1036X+0.1929 (R2=0.727，P<0.001). Vermis height formed a linear equation with the gestational age, which was Y=0.069X-0.3156 (R2=0.823，P<0.001). Vermis diameter formed a linear equation with the gestational age, which was Y=0.0509X-0.5798 (R2=0.735，P<0.001). Vermis circumference formed a linear equation with the gestational age, which was Y=0.2811X-1.5932 (R2=0.782，P<0.001). Vermis area formed a linear equation with the gestational age, which was Y=0.2283X-4.4559 (R2=0.817，P<0.001). The vermis height had the strongest positive correlation with the gestational age (r=0.907，P<0.001). Conclusions The results of this study provide that the cerebellar extrauterine reference range among transverse cerebellar diameter, vermis height, vermis diameter, vermis circumference, vermis area of neonates of appropriate for gestational age and gestational age, which is helpful for clinical diagnosis and evaluation of cerebellum growth and development of newborns.