浅低温和中低温体外循环在婴幼儿心脏外科的比较

目的　比较浅低温体外循环和中低温体外循环在婴幼儿心脏外科的应用。方法　分析 1 1 8例 3岁以下心脏手术患者 ,其中 46例 (组 1 )在中低温体外循环下手术 ,72例 (组 2 )在浅低温体外循环下进行手术。比较两组患者的转流时间、术后低心排发生率、术后机械通气时间以及动脉血气等围手术期资料。结果　浅低温组患者的平均转流时间较中低温组短 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,术后低心排的发生率也较中低温组低 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;浅低温组患者术后的失血量和输血量均较中低温组少 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,并且术后机械通气时间也较中低温组短 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,而氧合指数高于中低温组 ;浅低温组术后肌酸磷酸激酶同工酶 (CK MB)浓度明显低于中低温组 (P <0 .0 1 ) ,另外浅低温组术后代谢性酸中毒的发生率也较低。两组患者术后的心率和收缩压相似 ,而浅低温组术后舒张压却低于中低温组。结论　浅低温体外循环技术在婴幼儿心肌保护、改善术后呼吸功能及维持酸碱平衡等方面均优于中低温体外循环技术。表明浅低温体外循环可作为一项安全、有效的技术应用于婴幼儿心脏外科。

Comparison of mild hypothermic and moderate hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass in pediatric cardiac surgery

Objective　To compare the effects of mild hypothe rmic cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and moderate hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypas s in pediatric cardiac surgery. Methods　A total of 118 cas es of less than 3 years of age that had undergone open heart surgery were review ed, in which 46 patients received moderate hypothermic CPB(group 1) and 72 patie nts received mild hypothermic CPB(group 2). The CPB duration, incidence of low c ardiac output and postoperative concentration of CK-MK, etc, were compared with each other betwee n the two groups. Results　Duration of bypass and postoperative mechanical respiratory assistance of group 2 was shorter than that of group 1 ( P<0.05). Transfusion requirements, incidence of low cardiac output syndrome, concentration of CK-ME and percentage of metabolic acidosis were lower in grou p 2 than in group 1 (P<0.05), while the index of oxygenation was higher in g roup 2(P<0.05). Conclusion　The mild hypothermic CPB is saf er and more effective and therefore is superior to moderate hypothermic CPB in p ediatric cardiac surgery.