利多卡因静脉注射对芬太尼诱导小儿咳嗽的影响

目的：观察利多卡因静脉注射对芬太尼诱导小儿咳嗽的影响。方法择期手术患儿93例，拟于全身麻醉下进行，年龄4~10岁，体质量10~35 kg，性别不限，ASA 分级Ⅰ级或Ⅱ级，采用随机数字表法将其分为3组：对照组（C 组）31例、利多卡因0.5 mg/ kg 组（L1组）31例、利多卡因1.0 mg/ kg 组（L2组）31例。L1和 L2组于麻醉诱导静脉注射芬太尼2~3μg/ kg 前经超过65 s 分别静脉注射利多卡因0.5 mg/ kg 和1.0 mg/ kg，C 组给予同等剂量生理盐水。记录患儿麻醉诱导期咳嗽的发生情况及严重程度。结果与 C 组比较，L1组与 L2组患儿咳嗽的发生率与咳嗽的严重程度降低（P 〈0.05 或 〈0.01）；L1、L2组间比较，上述指标差异无统计学意义（P 〉0.05）。结论利多卡因静脉注射可抑制芬太尼诱导的小儿咳嗽。

Effects of intravenous lidocaine on fentanyl-induced cough in children

Objective To observe the effects of intravenous lidocaine on fentanyl-induced cough in children. Methods Nine-ty-three ASAⅠorⅡpediatric patients of both sexes,aged 4 -10 years,weighing 10 -35 kg,scheduled for elective surgery under general anesthesia were randomly divided into 3 groups：control group（group C）,lidocaine 0. 5 mg/ kg group（group L1）,lidocaine 1. 0 mg/ kg group（group L2）,with 31 cases in each group. Group L1 and L2 were intravenously administered lidocaine 0. 5 mg/ kg and 1. 0 mg/ kg over 65 s before intravenous administration of fentanyl 2. 3 μg/ kg during induction in general anesthesia respective-ly,and isodose normal saline were given to group C. Fentanyl was uniformly injected in 10 s. The occurence and the severity of cough during the induction period were recorded. Results Compared with group C,the incidence and the severity of cough in group L1（P 〈0. 05）and group L2（P 〈0. 01）decreased,but there was no significant difference between group L1 and group L2 in the above indicators（P 〉0. 05）. Conclusion Intravenous lidocaine can suppress fentanyl-induced cough in children.