An assessment of parental knowledge,attitudes, and beliefs regarding influenza vaccination |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA;2. University of Wisconsin, Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Madison, WI, USA;1. Brown School, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA;2. Public Health Economics Program, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA;3. National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA;4. Los Angeles County Department of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA;1. Institute for Infectious Disease and Endemic Disease Control, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control (CDC), Beijing, China;2. Research Centre for Preventive Medicine of Beijing, Beijing, China;3. Capital Medical University School of Public Health, Beijing, China;4. School of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia;5. College of Health Solutions and College of Public Affairs and Community Solutions, Arizona State University, USA;1. Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid 22110, Jordan;2. Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid 22110, Jordan;3. Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Jordan;1. Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, 117549 Singapore;2. Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, MA 02138 Cambridge, USA;3. London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, WC1E 7HT London, United Kingdom;1. Babes-Bolyai University, Department of Psychology, 37 Republicii Street, Cluj-Napoca, CJ 400015, Romania;2. Freie Universität Berlin, Habelschwerdter Allee 45, 14195 Berlin, Germany |
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| Abstract: | IntroductionSeasonal influenza imposes a significant clinical and economic burden. Despite the availability of an annual vaccine to prevent influenza infection and reduce disease severity, influenza vaccination rates remain suboptimal. Research suggests personal experience, perceived effectiveness, and concerns regarding vaccine safety and side effects are the most influential factors in predicting a parent’s decision to vaccinate. However, current literature is primarily focused on the vaccine decision-making of healthcare workers and those at high risk for influenza complications.MethodsTo assess parental attitudes and beliefs regarding the influenza vaccine, a brief mixed-methods survey was developed and optimized for an electronic platform. The Health Belief Model informed survey design and data analysis. Questions were classified into five core concepts: knowledge, barriers, benefits, experience, and severity. Participants were solicited from a population of parents whose children had participated in a school-based influenza surveillance study (n = 244, 73% response rate). We tested associations between responses and children’s influenza vaccination status the prior season. Categorical questions were tested using Pearson's chi-squared tests and numerical or ordered questions using Mann-Whitney tests. P-values were corrected using the Bonferroni method.ResultsDoubting effectiveness, concerns about side effects, inconvenience, and believing the vaccine is unnecessary were barriers negatively associated with parents’ decision to vaccinate their children during the 2017–18 flu season (p < 0.001). Knowledge that the vaccine is effective in lowering risk, duration, and severity of influenza; receiving the influenza vaccine as an adult; and recognizing the importance of vaccination to prevent influenza transmission in high-risk populations were positively associated with parents’ decision to vaccinate (p < 0.001).ConclusionUnderstanding barriers and motivators behind parents’ decision to vaccinate provides valuable insight that has the potential to shape vaccine messaging, recommendations, and policy. The motivation to vaccinate to prevent influenza transmission in high-risk populations is a novel finding that warrants further investigation. |
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| Keywords: | Vaccine hesitancy Influenza knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs (KABs) Vaccine acceptance Health behavior Public health Vaccine decision-making |
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