Measles and rubella IgG seroprevalence in persons 6 month-35 years of age,Mongolia, 2016 |
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| Affiliation: | 1. World Health Organization Consultant, C/Juan de Austria, 13, 28010 Madrid, Spain;2. National Center for Communicable Diseases, Ministry of Health, Nam Yan Ju Street 1, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia;3. Ministry of Health, Olympic Street 2, Government Building VIII, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia;4. National Statistics Office, Baga Toiruu 44, Government Building III, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia;5. Mongolian Academy of Medical Sciences, Prime Minister Amar Street, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia;6. Global Immunization Division, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA 30333, United States;7. Expanded Programme on Immunization, World Health Organization, 20 Avenue Appia, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland;8. Expanded Programme on Immunization, World Health Organization Regional Office of the Western Pacific, P.O. Box 2932, 1000 Manila, Philippines;1. Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, 12 Science Drive 2, #10-01, Singapore 117549, Singapore;2. Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, S. Zorig St-3, P.O. Box 48/111, Ulaanbaatar 14210, Mongolia;3. Expanded Programme on Immunization, World Health Organization Regional Office for the Western Pacific, United Nations Ave Corner Taft Ave, Manila 1000, Philippines;4. Ministry of Health and Sports, Government Building VIII, Olympic Street 2, Sukhbaatar District, Ulaanbaatar 14210, Mongolia;5. Pneumococcal and International Child Health Research Groups, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children''s Hospital, Flemington Road, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia;6. Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Royal Children''s Hospital, Flemington Road, Parkville, VIC, Australia;7. Modelling and Economics Unit, Public Health England, 61 Colindale Avenue, London NW9 5EQ, United Kingdom;8. Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, United Kingdom;1. School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710061, China;2. Northwest Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710003, China;3. Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710061, China;4. Shaanxi Province Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710054, China;5. Ankang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, An Kang, Shaanxi 725000, China;6. Yulin Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Yu Lin, Shaanxi 719000, China;1. Accelerated Disease Control and Surveillance Branch, Global Immunization Division, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States;2. Immunisation and Vaccine Development Program, Regional Office for Africa, World Health Organization, Brazzaville, People’s Republic of Congo;3. Department of Epidemiology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States;4. Department of Immunization, Vaccines, and Biologicals, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland;5. Viral Vaccine Preventable Diseases Branch, Division of Viral Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States;6. Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, United States;7. Immunization Systems Branch, Global Immunization Division, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States;8. Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, Seattle, Washington, United States;9. School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Australia;1. Department of Expanded Program Immunization, Tianjin Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 6 Hua Yue Street, Hedong District, Tianjin 300011, China;2. Department of Viral Laboratory, Tianjin Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 6 Hua Yue Street, Hedong District, Tianjin 300011, China;3. NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases and WHO WPRO Regional Reference Measles/Rubella Laboratory, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Diseases Control and Prevention, 155 Changbai Road, Changping District, Beijing 102206, China;4. National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Diseases Control and Prevention, 155 Changbai Road, Changping District, Beijing 102206, China;5. Institute for Infectious Diseases Control and Prevention, Tianjin Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 6 Hua Yue Street, Hedong District, Tianjin 300011, China |
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| Abstract: | BackgroundIn 2015–2016, Mongolia experienced an unexpected large measles outbreak affecting mostly young children and adults. After two nationwide vaccination campaigns, measles transmission declined. To determine if there were any remaining immunity gaps to measles or rubella in the population, a nationally representative serosurvey for measles and rubella antibodies was conducted after the outbreak was over.MethodsA nationwide, cross-sectional, stratified, three-stage cluster serosurvey was conducted in November-December 2016. A priori, four regional strata (Ulaanbaatar, Western, Central, and Gobi-Eastern) and five age strata (6 months-23 months, 2–7 years, 8–17 years, 18–30 years, and 31–35 years) were created. Households were visited, members interviewed, and blood specimens were collected from age-appropriate members. Blood specimens were tested for measles immunoglobulin G (IgG) and rubella IgG (Enzygnost® Anti-measles Virus/IgG and Anti-rubella Virus/IgG, Siemens, Healthcare Diagnostics Products, GmbH Marburg, Germany). Factors associated with seropositivity were evaluated.ResultsAmong 4598 persons aged 6 months to 35 years participating in the serosurvey, 94% were measles IgG positive and 95% were rubella IgG positive. Measles IgG seropositivity was associated with increasing age and higher education. Rubella IgG seropositivity was associated with increasing age, higher education, smaller household size, receipt of MMR in routine immunization, residence outside the Western Region, non-Muslim religious affiliation, and non-Kazakh ethnicity. Muslim Kazakhs living in Western Region had the lowest rubella seroprevalence of all survey participants.ConclusionsNationally, high immunity to both measles and rubella has been achieved among persons 1–35 years of age, which should be sufficient to eliminate both measles and rubella if future birth cohorts have ≥ 95% two dose vaccination coverage. Catch-up vaccination is needed to close immunity gaps found among some subpopulations, particularly Muslim Kazakhs living in Western Region. |
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| Keywords: | Measles Rubella Seroprevalence Mongolia |
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