姜黄素的中枢药理作用研究进展

姜黄素（Curcumin）是从植物姜黄块根中提取的一种黄色色素,属多酚类化合物。大量已有研究证实了其在外周的药理作用,如抗动脉粥样硬化、抗肿瘤、抗糖尿病等;近年来人们发现姜黄素在中枢神经退行性疾病及精神紊乱性疾病如阿尔茨海默尔病、帕金森病、抑郁症、癫痫、焦虑等也有治疗作用。姜黄素作为一种强抗氧剂,通过调节体内氧化-还原平衡,减少氧化应激造成的损伤,从而发挥其神经保护作用。姜黄素的神经保护作用除了与其抗氧化作用有关外,还通过调节一系列信号蛋白如核转录因子κB（nuclear factor kapaa B,NF-κB）,核因子E2相关因子2（nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2,Nrf2）,磷酸化丝裂原激活/细胞外信号调节激酶（p-mitogen-activated/extracellular signal-regulated kinase,p-MEK）,磷酸化细胞外信号调节蛋白激酶（p-extracellular regulatedprotein kinase,p-ERK）,原癌基因c-fos,淀粉样前体蛋白（amyloid precursor protein,APP）,β淀粉样前体蛋白裂解酶1（β-site APP cleavage enzyme 1,BACE1）等,影响BDNF/TrkB-MAPK/PI-3K-CREB信号转导通路,提高神经元的活性和突触功能,增强神经元可塑性,减少凋亡,继而改善神经退行性疾病症状。本文综述了姜黄素在中枢神经退行性疾病和脑缺血损伤、精神紊乱性疾病如抑郁和焦虑中的作用及其机制。

Research Progress on Pharmacologic Actions of Curcumin in Central Nervous System

Curcumin,an active yellow polyphenol pigment of turmeric,belongs to polyphone compound.Quantities of research have proved its pharmacologic actions in peripheral systems,such as antiatherosclerosis,antineoplasms,antidiabetes;In recent years,people have also found curcumin’s therapeutic effects on some neurodegenerative diseases and affective disorders,such as alzheimer’s,parkinson’s,depression,epilepsy and anxiety.As a powerful antioxidative agent,curcumin can modulate the balance of redox and reduce the formation of responsive oxidative species（ROS）,which results in the neuroprotective effect.In addition to these,the neuroprotective effect of curcumin is involved in regulating signal molecules,such as NF-κB,Nrf2,p-MEK,p-ERK,c-fos,APP,BACE1.Curcumin can also affect the BDNF/TrkB-MAPK/PI-3K-CREB pathway to regulate the neuroplasticity,cell vitality and antiapoptosis.This review summarizes the effects and possible mechanism of curcumin on neurodegenerative diseases,cerebral ischemia,traumatic brain injury and affective disorders such as depression and anxiety.