肺泡表面相关蛋白A和D研究进展与意义

肺泡表面相关蛋白A(pulmonary surfactant-associated protein A,SP-A)、SP-D属于凝集索家族,与肺的天然免疫有着很大的相关性,能够与多种微生物表面的糖类分子以及细胞内核酸分子相结合,介导免疫功能,促使细菌、病毒、真菌以及凋亡和坏死细胞的清除和局限,同时能够与免疫细胞表面分子或者受体结合,调节树突状细胞、巨噬细胞等免疫细胞的功能.许多研究学者关于SP-A和SP-D在肺泡灌洗液、血液及其他体液中的水平有着深刻的研究,证明了SP-A和SP-D与肺内多种炎症、感染性疾病有关.除此之外,有研究学者发现相关重组蛋白在SP-A和SP-D缺陷的肺部感染性疾病的小鼠中具有一定的治疗作用.本文总结了SP-A和SP-D目前研究的深度以及和多种疾病的关系.

Study progress and significance of pulmonary surfactant-associated protein A and D

Pulmonary surfactant-associated protein A (SP-A) and SP-D belong to lectin family,have correlation with pulmonary innate immunity, combine with a variety of sugar molecules on the microorganism surfaces and intracellular nucleic acid molecules, mediate immune function, promoteclearance and localization of bacteria,viruses, fungi, and apoptotic and necrotic cells. They can interact with molecules or receptors on the immune cell surface, regulate the functions of dendritic cells, macrophages and other immune cells. Many researches about the levels of SP-A and SP-D in alveolar lavage fluid, blood and other body fluids show that SP-A and SP-D are related to multiple pulmonary inflammation, infectious diseases. In addition,researchers have found that correlated recombinant protein has a therapeutic effect on pulmonary infectious diseases mice with SP-A and SP-D defects. This review sums up the current study of SP-A and SP-D and the relationship between various diseases and them.