早期站直立床康复训练对脊髓损伤患者直立性低血压的影响

目的观察早期使用直立床站立及下肢弹力绷带进行康复护理干预对脊髓损伤患者直立性血压产生的影响。方法观察脊髓损伤后患者60例,实验组30例,对照组30例。实验组早期(损伤后卧床4~6周),即开始直立床站立及下肢缠绕弹力绷带进行康复训练;对照组允许患者自行在病床上摇床坐起,治疗1个月后比较各组患者由卧位到站立的时间(平均天数)及体位性低血压发生的频率,分析方法计数资料采用成组资料的χ2检验,计量资料采用t检验。结果治疗组由卧到站的平均过渡天数为(19.3±1.7)d,对照组为(29.4±1.3)d,P<0.05,有显著性差异。同时,治疗前两组间收缩压(卧位及立位)无明显差异(P>0.05),治疗后立位收缩压有显著性差异(P<0.01);治疗组直立性低血压发生病例显著少于对照组(P<0.05)。早期使用直立床、下肢弹力绷带等康复训练干预脊髓损伤患者治疗直立性低血压有效。结论早期使用直立床等康复治疗脊髓损伤患者直立性低血压,疗效显著。

Effect of Vertical Bed Training on Orthostatic Hypotension of Patients with Spinal Cord Injury in Early Period

Objective Orthostatic hypotension can happen to patients with spinal cord injury. In this research,we want to know that whether two methods, including vertical bed and leg elastic bandage as a kind of rehabilitation intervention can decrease the happening of orthostatic hypotension in such patients. Methods 60 Patients with spinal cord injury were divided averagely into two groups, experimental group and control group. After being bedridden 4 - 6 weeks, Patients in experimental group began to stand with vertical bed and leg elastic bandage for rehabilitation training. At the same time, patients in controlled group were allowed to sit on the bed by themselves.After one month treatment, compared with average days that from lying to standing time and happening frequency of postural hypotension in two groups. χ^2 test was used in counting data, t - test was used in measurement data.Results Compared with average days that from lying to standing time, there was significant difference in two groups, （19.3 ± 1.7） d in experimental group and （29.4 ± 1.3） d in the control group, P 〈 0.05. Compared with blood pressure that from lying to standing position before treatment,there was no significant difference between two groups, P 〉 0.05.After treatment,compared with blood pressure, there was significant difference between two groups, P 〈 0.01. The happening of orthostatic hypotension was significantly different, P 〈 0.05. Conclusion The early use of vertical bed and leg elastic bandage, useful measure in patients with spinal cord injury, can decreased significantly the happening of orthostatic hypotension.