大面积脑梗死并发医院获得性肺炎的相关危险因素分析

目的探讨大面积脑梗死患者并发医院获得性肺炎（HAP）的相关危险因素。方法2011年1月至2013年5月共收治大面积脑梗死患者134例，根据是否并发HAP，分为HAP组与非HAP组，对其发生HAP的相关资料采用二分类逐步Logistic回归进行多因素分析。结果大面积脑梗死患者医院获得性肺炎的发生率为61．9％（83／134），糖尿病、慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）、慢性心力衰竭、意识障碍（GCS评分〈8分）、延髓麻痹、气管插管与切开、营养状态是大面积脑梗死后发生医院获得性肺炎的独立危险因素。结论大面积脑梗死患者易发生医院获得性肺炎，应针对上述危险因素，采取综合措施，降低大面积脑梗死患者医院获得性肺炎发生率。

Risk factors for hospital-acquired pneumonia in large cerebral infarction.

Objective To study the related risk factors for hospital-acquired pneumonia in large cerebral infarction patients. Methods The clinical date of 134 large cerebral infarction patients from Jan 2009 to Mar 2013 were retrospectively investigated, according to the occurrence of HAP,, and patients were divided into the HAP group and non-HAP group. Results The incidence of hospital-acquired pneumonia was 61.9%（83/134）, The risk factors of hospital-acquired pneumonia in large cerebral infarction patients included the diabetes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease （COPD）, chronic heart failure, disorder of consciousness, bulbar palsy, tracheotomy, nutritional status. Conclusion Hospital-acquired pneumonia is common in large cerebral infarction patients, and the risk factors should be known and take comprehensive measures to reduce the incidence of hospital-acquired pneumonia.