东莞市哮喘儿童用药合理性及影响因素调查分析

目的调查分析哮喘儿童用药的合理性及影响因素。方法对我市6家医院就诊的哮喘患儿及家属和负责诊治的医师进行调查,事先拟定问卷调查表,请他们回答。将患儿分为用药合理组和用药不合理组,观察在性别、年龄、监护人对疾病了解程度以及学历水平、药物不良反应发生率、过去1年哮喘发作次数以及过去1年用于哮喘的治疗费用方面的差别。同时对患儿用药不合理的原因以及医师可能影响患儿用药合理性的因素进行汇总分析。结果用药合理组115例(53.49%),不合理组100例(46.51%)。两组患儿性别无明显差别(P0.05),而用药合理组患儿年龄、主要监护人对疾病了解程度以及学历水平明显高于不合理组(P0.05),同时药物不良反应发生率、过去1年哮喘发作次数以及过去1年用于哮喘的治疗费用均显著低于用药不合理组(P0.05)。导致患儿其用药不合理的原因,排在第一位的为无医务人员进行用药和健康宣教,或宣教过于简单(30.37%)。而在医师可能影响患儿用药合理性的因素中,没有为患儿进行详细用药指导的比例最高(55.56%)。结论影响我市哮喘患儿用药最主要的原因为无医务人员进行用药指导和健康宣教,我们临床药师今后还需针对这些因素,协助医师做好哮喘患儿的管理。

Investigation on the rationality of drug use and the influencing factors in children with asthma in Dongguang city

Objective To investigate and analyze the rationality of drug use and the influencing factors in asthmatic children. Methods Asthmatic children from 6 hospitals were given the questionnaire, and they were di-vided into the rational drug use group and the irrational drug use group based the questionnaire results. They were ob-served in gender, age, the understanding degree about disease and the education of their parents, adverse drug reac-tions, and the number of asthma attacks and the treatment cost of asthma during the past 1 year. Results The ra-tional drug use group had 115 cases, and the irrational drug use group had 100 cases. There was no significant differ-ence between the two groups in gender (P>0. 05). But the age, the understanding degree about disease and the ed-ucation of their parents in the rational drug use group were significantly higher than those in the irrational group. The incidence of adverse drug reactions, the number of asthma attacks and the treatment cost of asthma during the past 1 year in the rational drug use group were significantly lower than those in the irrational drug use group ( P<0. 05 ) . The first reason for unreasonable application of drugs was there was no medical personnel for medical and health edu-cation, or education was too simple (30. 37%), and no specific guidance for children took the highest proportion (55. 56%) for doctor's aspect. Conclusion The most important reason for asthmatic children in Dongguan includes there is no medical personnel for medical and health education, and our clinical pharmacists need to be aimed at these factors in future, to help doctors in the management of asthmatic children.