用McAb免疫酶染法和IPA法检测鼻咽脱落细胞内流感病毒抗原

用甲型和乙型流感病毒单克隆抗体间接免疫酶组化法（ＩＰＡ）和间接免疫酶染法（ＩＥ）快速诊断鼻咽脱落细胞内流感病毒抗原８０例，并以传统的病毒分离和过ＭＤＣＫ细胞的直接和间接ＩＥ法作对照，获得满意结果。在８０份标本中，用鸡胚分离法分离出阳性标本４６份，分离率为５７．５％；用ＭｃＡｂ直接或间接ＩＥ法测标本感染ＭＤＣＫ细胞的流感病毒抗原，阳性检出率分别为６１．３％、６７．５％；用ＭｃＡｂＩＰＡ法和ＩＥ法检测鼻咽脱落细胞中流感病毒抗原，阳性检出率分别为５７．５％、５５．６％；两种方法与对照组相比较灵敏性分别为８２．１％和８０％，特异性均为１００％，发病第１天阳性检出率占总检出率的６９％。本方法的特点是直接检测标本，只需４小时即可作出诊断，同时可以直接定型。

Rapid Detection of Influenza Antigens in the Exfoliated Cewlls of pasopharyngeal Secretions with McAbs

An indirect immunoperoxidase assay(IPA) and an immunoenzymatic method(IE)were developed to detect the influenza virus A and B antigens in the exfoliated cells of nasopharyngeal secretions (NPS)from the pediatic out-paticnt department during the epidemic of 1992.Among 80 specimens, 46 strains of influenza virus (influenza A 32, B14)were isolated by cultivation in cmbryonic hens eggs. The positive isolation arte was 57.5%.With direct of indirect IE to detect the influenza virus antigens in the inoculated MDCK cells using McAbs, the positive detection rates were 61.3%(49/80)and 67.5%(54/80),respectively. The positive detection rates of McAb IPA and IE in NPS cells were 57.5(46/80)(Influenza A 34,B12)and 55.6%(44/79)(influenzaA 34,B 10),recpectively. The sensitivities of IPA and IE in direct detections as compared with vius isolation and detection of influenza antigens in inoculated MDCK cells were 82.1% and 80%,respectively; the specificities were100% for both. Of the positive specimens detectded by IPA and IE in NPS cells, 69.6% and 72.7%were collected on the first day of the disease; 26.1% and 25% on the second day; 4.3%and 2.3%on the third day,respectively. Diagnosis could be made within 4 hours. (DePartment of Pediatrics, Beijing Beijing Friendship Hospital. Beijing 100052)(Ihstitute of Virology, Virology, Chinese Academy of Preventive Medicine,Beijing 100052)(Departpoent of Virology, Beijing Tropical Medicine Research Institute, Beijing 100052)