腹部大手术与下肢深静脉血栓形成

腹部大手术后易并发下肢深静脉血栓(DVT)形成,有引起致命性肺栓塞风险。血液高凝状态、静脉血流缓慢和血管壁损伤状态是DVT的主要原因,而外科手术是DVT的最常见诱因。目前诊断DVT主要依靠超声显像及静脉造影技术,而D二-聚体、组织型纤溶酶原激活物、纤溶酶原激活物抑制剂1在诊断血栓方面有重要参考价值。预防性物理疗法和药物抗凝治疗能显著降低DVT的发生率。

Relationship Between Abdominal Surgery and Lower Extremity Deep Venous Thrombosis

Major abdominal operation is the leading cause of deep venous thrombosis. The DVT inereases the risks of fatal pulmonary embolism. Hypereoagulability of blood, slow blood flow and the injury of vessel wall are main risk faetors of DVT, while surgery is the main cause. Presently, diagnosis of DVT mainly depends on ul- tmaonie visualization and phlebography. The D-dimer, tissue type plasminogen activator, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 have important referentially value in diagnosing DVT. The prophylactic physieotherapeuties methods and anticoagulant drug treatment can reduce the risk of DVT.