分阶段减重模式对超重肥胖女性减重效果的研究

目的 探讨分阶段减重模式对超重肥胖女性减重效果，为临床减重方案提供依据。方法 选取2021年1—6月在青岛市妇女儿童医院营养门诊减重的无器质疾病的超重肥胖女性46例作为研究对象，采用一阶段极低碳水化合物饮食2周，二阶段限能量平衡饮食4周，期间配合有氧、抗阻力运动。监测干预前后减重者体重、形态学指标、体成分指标的变化。数据采用重复测量方差分析进行统计学分析。结果 46例减重者经过两阶段的饮食及运动干预，体重（F = 343.033，P＜0.001）、体质指数（body mass index，BMI）（F = 331.302，P＜0.001）、腰围（F = 124.360，P＜0.001）、臀围（F = 80.558，P＜0.001）、腰臀比（F = 8.325，P = 0.002）、体脂肪（F = 255.959，P＜0.001）、内脏脂肪面积（F = 123.372，P＜0.001）、体脂率（F = 134.714，P＜0.001）均下降，差异具有统计学意义。结论 分阶段减重模式可以明显降低超重肥胖女性的体重，改善体成分，为临床减重提供思路。

Study on the effect of phased weight loss model on weight loss in overweight and obese women

Objective To investigate the effect of phased weight loss model on weight loss in overweight and obese women and to provide a basis for clinical weight loss program. Methods Forty-six overweight obese women without organic diseases who lost weight in the nutrition clinic of Qingdao Women’s and Children’s Hospital from January to June 2021 were selected as the study subjects, and a very low-carbohydrate diet in the first phase for 2 weeks and an energy-restricted balanced diet in the second phase for 4 weeks, with aerobic and resistance exercise during the period. Changes in body weight, morphological indexes, and body composition indexes of the weight-reduced individuals were monitored before and after the intervention. Data were statistically analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA. Results After two phases of diet and exercise intervention in 46 weight-reduced individuals, weight (F=343.033, P<0.001), body mass index (BMI) (F=331.302, P<0.001), waist circumference (F=124.360, P<0.001), hip circumference (F=80.558, P<0.001), waist-hip ratio (F=8.325, P<0.002), body fat (F=255.959, P<0.001), visceral fat area (F=123.372, P<0.001), and body fat percentage (F=134.714, P<0.001) were decreased, and the differences were statistically significant. Conclusion The phased weight loss model can significantly reduce body weight and improve body composition in overweight and obese women, providing insights for clinical weight loss.