内蒙古地区中老年糖尿病患者生命质量及其影响因素分析

目的 评价内蒙古地区中老年糖尿病患者生命质量现状及其影响因素，以期为改进内蒙古地区糖尿病的预防与控制措施提供科学依据，改善糖尿病患者生命质量。方法 采用多阶段整群抽样方法于2015年7月至2017年6月期间在内蒙古自治区调查6个项目点的年龄为45～75岁间既往被诊断为糖尿病的居民。采用欧洲五维生命质量量表（European quality of life 5-dimensions, EQ-5D）、中国 EQ-5D量表测算时间权衡法（TTO）效用值换算表对糖尿病患者生命质量进行评分。采用Mann-Whitney秩和检验、Tobit回归分析中老年糖尿病患者生命质量的影响因素。结果 内蒙古地区糖尿病患者的控制率11.67%，EQ-5D效用值为1的占57.96%，其中是否有心血管病史（Z=-5.423, P<0.001）、是否服用降糖药（Z=-2.758, P=0.006）、文化程度不同（Z=6.296, P=0.043）的糖尿病患者生命质量评分比较，差异有统计学意义，且有心血管病史（t=-5.574, P<0.001）和具有小学及以下的文化水平（t=2.387, P=0.017）是糖尿病患者生命质量的危险因素。结论 医疗服务机构应着重根据有关影响因素采取相应控制措施，加强基层糖尿病患者健康管理，以改善其生命质量。

Quality of life and its influencing factors among middle aged and elderly diabetic patients,Inner Mongolia

Objective To explore the quality of life and its influencing factors in middle-aged and elderly diabetic patients in Inner Mongolia area, so as to provide scientific basis for improving the prevention and control measures of diabetes in Inner Mongolia area and improve life quality of diabetic patients. Methods From July 2015 to June 2017, six project sites were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. The European quality of life 5-dimensions (EQ-5D) and the China EQ-5D scale were used to measure the time to weigh (TTO) utility value conversion table to evaluate the quality of life of diabetic patients. Mann-Whitney ran sum test and Tobit regression were used to analyze the influencing factors of quality of life in middle-aged and elderly diabetic patients. Results The control rate of diabetic patients in Inner Mongolia area was 11.67%, and the EQ-5D utility rate was 1, accounting for 57.96%. There was a statistically significant difference in the score of quality of life among those diabetic patients with different history of cardiovascular disease (Z=-5.423, P<0.001), taking hypoglycemic drugs (Z=-2.758, P=0.006) and education level (Z=6.296, P=0.043). And history of cardiovascular disease (t=-5.574, P<0.001), education level of primary school or below (t=2.387, P=0.017) are risk factors for quality of life in diabetic patients. Conclusion Medical institutions should take corresponding control measures according to the relevant factors to strengthen the health management of diabetic patients at the grass-roots level, so as to improve their quality of life.