The androgen receptor as a surrogate marker for molecular apocrine breast cancer subtyping |
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| Institution: | 1. Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Hellenic Foundation for Cancer Research, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki School of Medicine, Thessaloniki, Greece;2. Department of Pathology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki School of Medicine, Thessaloniki, Greece;3. Section of Biostatistics, Hellenic Cooperative Oncology Group, Data Office, Athens, Greece;4. Department of Pathology, Ioannina University Hospital, Ioannina, Greece;5. Department of Medical Oncology, “Papageorgiou” Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki School of Medicine, Thessaloniki, Greece;6. Department of Medical Oncology, Ioannina University Hospital, Ioannina, Greece;7. Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, University Hospital, University of Patras Medical School, Patras, Greece;8. Department of Clinical Therapeutics, “Alexandra” Hospital, University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece;9. First Department of Medical Oncology, “Metropolitan” Hospital, Piraeus, Greece;1. Department of Internal Medicine, Research Center for Pulmonary Disorders, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, South Korea;2. Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk, National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Chonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, South Korea;1. Department of Pathology, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil;2. Instituto do Cancer do Estado de São Paulo (ICESP), Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil;3. Laboratory of Pathology, Hospital Beneficência Portuguesa de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil;4. Consultoria em Patologia, Botucatu, SP, Brazil;5. Division of Gynecologic Clinic, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil;1. Institute of Pathology, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Germany;2. Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Hospital Frankfurt Höchst, Academic Hospital of the University Frankfurt, Germany;3. German Breast Group (GBG), Neu-Isenburg, Germany;4. Breast Unit, Elisabeth-Krankenhaus Kassel, Kassel, Germany;5. Department of Oncology, University Hospital Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany;6. Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Frankfurt, Germany;7. Institute of Pathology, Charité University Hospital, Berlin, Germany;8. Institute of Pathology, DRK Kliniken Berlin, Germany;9. Department of Gynecology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany;10. Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Erlangen-Nuremberg, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Erlangen, Germany;11. University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany;12. Department of Gynecology and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg, Germany;13. Breast Unit Krankenhaus Jerusalem, Hamburg, Germany;14. Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, RWTH Aachen, Germany;15. Institute of Pathology, Philipps-University Marburg, Germany;p. German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, Germany;q. German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Charité, Berlin, Germany |
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| Abstract: | The Androgen Receptor (AR) is a potential prognostic marker and therapeutic target in breast cancer. We evaluated AR protein expression in high-risk breast cancer treated in the adjuvant setting. Tumors were subtyped into luminal (ER+/PgR±/AR±), molecular apocrine (MAC, ER−/PgR−/AR+]) and hormone receptor negative carcinomas (HR-negative, ER−/PgR−/AR−]). Subtyping was evaluated with respect to prognosis and to taxane therapy. High histologic grade (p < 0.001) and increased proliferation (p = 0.001) more often appeared in MAC and HR-negative than in luminal tumors. Patients with MAC had outcome comparable to the luminal group, while patients with HR-negative disease had increased risk for relapse and death. MAC outcome was favorable upon taxane-containing treatment; this remained significant upon multivariate analysis for overall survival (HR 0.31, 95%CI 0.13–0.74, interaction p = 0.035) and as a trend for time to relapse (p = 0.15). In conclusion, AR-related subtyping of breast cancer may be prognostic and serve for selecting optimal treatment combinations. |
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| Keywords: | Breast cancer Androgen receptor Taxanes HER2 Molecular apocrine Immunohistochemistry |
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