辽宁省HIV/AIDS病人规范化随访现况及影响因素

  目的  了解辽宁省人类免疫缺陷病毒(human immunodeficiency virus, HIV)感染者/艾滋病(acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, AIDS)病人(简称HIV/AIDS病人)规范化随访现况，并分析其影响因素。  方法  数据来自AIDS防治基本信息系统中2016年-2019年底的病例报告历史卡片和定时随访数据库，采用多因素Logistic回归分析模型分析HIV/AIDS病人规范化随访的相关因素。  结果  截至2016年、2017年、2018年和2019年底，辽宁省HIV/AIDS病人分别为13 008例、15 215例、17 583例和19 365例，接受规范化随访比例分别为84.41%、86.87%、86.45%和89.87%，呈现上升趋势(χ2 _趋势=184.953，P < 0.001)。多因素回归分析结果显示，20~岁、40~岁年龄组、已婚有配偶和离异或丧偶、文化程度大专及以上和疾病状态为AIDS较20岁以下年龄组、未婚、初中及以下和疾病状态为HIV接受规范化随访比例更高(均有P < 0.05)；感染途径为异性传播和注射吸毒、样本来源为就诊者检测和羁押人员体检较同性传播、检测咨询/专题调查的病人接受规范化随访比例更低(均有P < 0.05)。  结论  还需要进一步加强辽宁省艾滋病规范化随访管理工作，针对不同人群特点采取针对性的措施，提高随访工作质量，有效地控制艾滋病的传播。

Status and influencing factors of standardized follow-up among the people with HIV/AIDS in Liaoning Province

  Objective  To understand the status and influencing factors of standardized follow-up of the people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in Liaoning Province.  Methods  Data were collected from both Case Reporting Cards and Follow-up Cards in National HIV/AIDS Information System for the end of 2016 to 2019, respectively. Logistic regression model was used to analyze influencing factors of standardized follow-up of the HIV/AIDS.  Results  There were 13 008, 15 215, 17 583 and 19 365 patients in Liaoning Province in four years, respectively. The proportion of patients having received standardized follow-up were 84.41%, 86.87%, 86.45% and 89.87% from 2016 to 2019, with significant upward trend (χ2 _trend=184.953, P < 0.001). Results of multivariate regression analysis showed that HIV/AIDS patients who were aged 20 to 39 years, aged 40 to 59 years, married with spouse, divorced or widowed, cultural level of college and above or in AIDS phase were more likely to have received standardized follow-up than patients who were younger than 20 years old, unmarried, junior secondary and below or in HIV phase (all P < 0.05). Compared to the patients infected by homosexuality transmission and from testing consultation/thematic survey, the patients infected by heterosexual transmission and injecting drugs, from patient testing and medical examination of detainees were less likely to have received standardized follow-up (all P < 0.05).  Conclusions  Standardized follow-up management need to be strengthened for HIV/AIDS patients in Liaoning Province. The different measures according to the people with different characteristics should be taken to improve the quality of follow-up and control the spread of AIDS effectively.