广西壮族自治区南宁市上林地区长寿人群分布特征和影响因素研究

目的阐明广西南宁市上林地区长寿人群的特征分布以及影响因素,为广西壮族自治区的长寿研究提供科学依据。方法采用多来源登记和入户面询的方法,收集和分析上林地区11个乡镇的长寿老人(≥90岁)的一般人口学横断面资料;采用年龄组对照设计,分别对长寿老人(≥90岁且<100岁)和百岁老人(≥100岁)、长寿+百岁和当地40~85岁自然人群即对照组进行比较,分析与长寿相关的因素。结果纳入上林地区登记的≥90岁老年人1533例,其中长寿组1453例,年龄(92.84±2.46)岁,长寿率为292.94/10万;百岁组80例,年龄(102.67±2.60)岁,百岁率为16.13/10万。长寿和百岁老人的空间分布均呈现中部北部聚集,西南部稀疏的特点。壮族(OR=1.551,95%CI:1.308~1.838)、已婚(OR=55.507,95%CI:36.087~85.377)和适度偏高的腰臀比(OR=258.056,95%CI:27.775~2397.569)及SBP(OR=1.019,95%CI:1.013~1.026)的老年人更倾向于长寿。结论研究发现上林地区长寿老人比率高于广西壮族自治区和全国平均水平,女性长寿多于男性,以壮族为主,且存在其特有的空间和人群分布特征;女性、壮族、已婚、适当偏高的腰臀比及SBP可能有益于该地区人群长寿,但其他因素对长寿的影响值得深入研究。

Analysis of distribution characteristics and influencing factors of healthy and long-lived people in Shanglin area of Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region

Objective To explore the epidemiologic characteristics of long-lived population and influencing factors in Shanglin county of Guangxi and provide scientific basis for the study of health and longevity in Guangxi.Methods We collected and analyzed the general demographic cross-sectional data of the long-lived individuals(≥90 years old)in 11 villages and towns by multi-source registration and face-to-face interview.The age group control design was adopted to conduct a comparison among the longevity group(90-100 years old),centenarian group(≥100 years old),the longevity plus centenarian group and control group(local population aged 40-85 years),and identify the factors related to longevity.Results Among the 496007 people registered in Shanglin,1533 were aged≥90 years,including 1453 in the longevity group,with an average age of(92.84±2.46)years,and 80 in the centenarian group,with an average age of(102.67±2.60)years.The spatial distribution of long-lived individuals and centenarians was mainly in the north and central areas,and sparse in southwest area.Analysis on factors related to health and longevity indicated that old people with Zhuang ethnic(OR=1.551,95%CI:1.308-1.838),married(OR=55.507,95%CI:36.087-85.377)and moderately high waist-to-hip ratio(OR=258.056,95%CI:27.775-2397.569),and SBP(OR=1.019,95%CI:1.013-1.026)tended to live longer.Conclusions We found that the rate of longevity in Shanglin was higher than the average level in Guangxi and China.Longevity in Shanglin country had unique spatial and population distribution characterics of female longevity more than male longevity,mainly Zhuang ethnic and so on.Being women,married,family history of longevity,appropriate high waist-to-hip ratio,SBP and blood sugar level might be positive factors for longevity in Shanglin,but the impacts of other factors on longevity need further study.