天津市宝坻区老年人体质指数、腰围以及腰围身高比与高血压患病率的关联

  目的  探讨天津市宝坻区60岁及以上老年居民的体质指数(body mass index, BMI)、腰围(waist circumference, WC)以及腰围身高比(waist-to-height ratio, WHtR)与高血压患病率的关联。  方法  本研究对2018年4-5月参加天津市宝坻区口东卫生院体检的老年人(≥60岁)进行问卷调查和体格检查。采用分层分析和logistic回归分析BMI与WC(或WHtR)对高血压的联合作用和交互作用。  结果  共邀请1 692人, 1 417人(83.75%)参与本研究。老年人群的高血压患病率为46.36%、BMI超重和肥胖者占66.50%、WC中心型肥胖者占74.66%、WHtR超重和肥胖者占75.38%。与BMI或WC正常相比, BMI超重(OR=1.65, 95%CI:1.19~2.30)和肥胖(OR=3.41, 95%CI:2.23~5.20)及WC中心型肥胖(OR=1.49, 95%CI:1.00~2.23)均增加高血压的患病风险。BMI联合WC超重/肥胖(OR=2.49, 95%CI:1.78~3.46), 或BMI联合WHtR超重/肥胖(WHtR超重:OR=2.05, 95%CI:1.41~2.99;WHtR肥胖:OR=2.37, 95%CI:1.50~3.76)的患病风险高于后者单独作用的风险(WC超重/肥胖:OR=1.39, 95%CI:0.90~2.15;WHtR超重:OR=1.02, 95%CI:0.62~1.66;WHtR肥胖:OR=1.44, 95%CI:0.55~3.81)。  结论  三项指标中, BMI与高血压患病的关联性最强, 且BMI超重/肥胖增强WC(或WHtR)与高血压的关联, 提示控制BMI相关体重指标在正常范围内有助于预防和控制高血压。

Associations of body mass index,waist circumference,waist height ratio and hypertension in the elderly

Objective To explore the associations of body mass index(BMI),waist circumference(WC),waist height ratio(WHtR)and the prevalence of hypertension in elderly residents over 60 years in Baodi district,Tianjin.Methods Residents over 60 who underwent medical examinations in the Koudong Health Center,Baodi district,Tianjin,were all invited to participate in the study from April to May,2018.Participants were asked to fill out structured questionnaires and undergo physical examinations.Stratified analysis and logistic regression analysis were applied to examine joint effects and interactions of BMI and WC(or WHtR)on the risk of hypertension.Results A total of 1417 residents(83.75%)out of 1692 residents participated in the study.The prevalence of hypertension in the participants was 46.36%.66.50%of the participants were BMI overweight or obese.Participants with central obesity accounted for 74.66%(measured by the WC)and 75.38%(by the WHtR).Compared to the normal weight measured by the BMI or the WC,BMI overweight(OR=1.65,95%CI:1.19-2.30)or obesity(OR=3.41,95%CI:2.23-5.20)and WC central obesity(OR:1.49,95%CI:1.00-2.23)were associated with increased risk of hypertension.The joint effects of BMI and WC(OR=2.49,95%CI:1.78-3.46),or BMI and WHtR(WHtR overweight:OR=2.05,95%CI:1.41-2.99;WHtR obesity:OR=2.37,95%CI:1.50-3.76)were greater than the single effect of the latter(WC overweight/obesity:OR=1.39,95%CI:0.90-2.15;WHtR overweight:OR=1.02,95%CI:0.62-1.66;WHtR obesity:OR=1.44,95%CI:0.55-3.81).Conclusions Of the three indices,BMI is strongly correlated with the risk of hypertension.BMI overweight or obesity has enhanced the association of WC or WHtR and the risk of hypertension,suggesting that weight control in the normal range,especially measured by the BMI index,may prevent and control hypertension.