慢性阻塞性肺疾病患病及相关危险因素研究进展

慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）是一种常见的、可预防和治疗的慢性气道疾病，其特征是持续存在的气流受限和相应的呼吸系统症状。COPD是全球慢性疾病发病率和死亡率的主要原因，是世界三大死因之一，且全球COPD患病率整体呈现上升趋势。我国各省份间COPD患病率一直处于较高水平。COPD的患病率在不同国家、不同地区和不同人群之间均存在差异，并受多种危险因素影响。个体方面的遗传因素、年龄、性别、BMI、腹部肥胖和身体活动会对COPD的发生和发展产生影响；环境方面，吸烟、室内和室外空气污染以及职业中的暴露均会导致COPD的发生。

Progress in research of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and risk factors

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common, preventable and treatable chronic airway disease characterized by persistent airflow restriction and associated respiratory symptoms. COPD is the main cause of morbidity and mortality of chronic diseases and one of the top three causes of death in the world. The prevalence of COPD among provinces in China are at a high levels for years. The prevalence of COPD varies from country to country, region to region, and population to population, and the incidence and development of COPD are influenced by multi risk factors, including individual genetic factors, age, sex, body mass index, abdominal obesity and physical activity and environment factors, such as smoking, indoor and outdoor air pollution, and occupational exposure.