云南省瑞丽市常住外籍人员艾滋病危险行为及感染状况变化趋势

目的  了解云南省瑞丽市常住外籍人员的艾滋病知晓率、相关危险行为和艾滋病感染状况变化趋势。 方法  采用固定场所连续抽样法，连续4年在瑞丽市对常住外籍人员开展问卷调查和人类免疫缺陷病毒(human immunodeficiency virus, HIV)抗体检测，每年调查400人左右。 结果  4年共调查常住外籍人员1 677人，艾滋病知识知晓率从66.7%上升到79.4%(χ² _趋势=35.673, P < 0.001)。配偶间性行为安全套使用率无明显趋势变化(χ² _趋势=0.166, P=0.684)。最近1次与临时性伴发生性行为安全套使用率从66.7%下降到42.3%(χ² _趋势=4.954, P=0.026)，最近1年临时性行为安全套坚持使用率无明显趋势变化(χ² _趋势=3.960, P=0.271)。商业性行为最近1次安全套使用率无明显趋势变化(χ² _趋势=3.468, P=0.062)，安全套坚持使用率从56.8%上升到87.1%(χ² _趋势=3.215, P=0.036)。HIV抗体阳性率从1.3%上升到4.9%(χ² _趋势=8.606, P=0.003)。 结论  常住外籍人员艾滋病知识知晓率有待提高，高危行为普遍存在但没有下降趋势，并且HIV感染率呈上升态势。积极探索对该人群有效宣传教育、动员检测、HIV感染者的随访和有效抗病毒治疗转介是瑞丽市今后的防艾工作重点之一。

Analysis on the change trend of HIV/AIDS risk behaviors and infection status among permanent foreigners in Ruili City of Yunnan Province

  Objective  To understand the trend/change of the awareness rate, related risk behaviors and infection status on human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) among permanent foreigners in Ruili City of Yunnan Province.  Methods  Continuous sampling method in fixed places was used. Questionnaire survey and HIV antibody test were carried out among permanent foreigners in Ruili City for 4 straight years. About 400 people were surveyed per year.  Results  A total of 1 677 permanent foreigners were investigated during 4 years, and the awareness rate of HIV/AIDS knowledge had increased from 66.7% to 79.4% (χ2 _trend==35.673, P < 0.001). There was no significant trend change in the rate of condom use among spouses (χ2 _trend=0.166, P=0.684). The rate of recent consistent condom use with casual sexual partners had decreased from 66.7% to 42.3% (χ2 _trend=4.954, P=0.026), and there was no significant trend change in the rate of consistent condom use with casual sexual partners in the last year (χ2 _trend=3.960, P=0.271). There was no significant trend change in the rate of recent condom use with commercial sex workers (χ2 _trend=3.468, P=0.062), and the rate of consistent condom use had increased from 56.8% to 87.1% (χ2 _trend=3.215, P=0.036). The HIV antibody positive rate had increased from 1.3% to 4.9% (χ2 _trend=8.606, P=0.003).  Conclusions  Among permanent foreigners, the awareness rate of permanent foreigners needs to be improved. The high-risk behavior prevails without decreasing tendency, and the HIV infection rate is increasing. It is one of the key priorities for HIV/AIDS prevention and control to actively explore effective ways on health promotion and education, mobilizing testing, the follow-up of HIV infected people and effective antiviral treatment referral in Ruili in the future.