糖尿病肾小球滤过率测定的意义及影响因素

测定肾小球滤过率(GFR)能够为评估肾脏病患者功能状态、观察治疗效果、调整治疗方案及判断预后提供参考。研究表明,糖尿病患者肾小球高滤过率的患者发生糖尿病的危险性显著高于肾小球滤过正常者,GFR升高可作为糖尿病肾病早期预测的指标。目前用于测量、估算GFR的方法较多,临床常用的方法灵敏度不尽相同,不同患者之间差异较大,选择一种方法评价GFR要考虑多方面因素,既要考虑方法的准确性与精密性,又要以简单、实用为前提。该文就临床上常用测定GFR的方法、意义及其影响因素进行简单概述。

The Significance of Glomerular Filtration Rate Determination and Its Influence Factors in Diabetics

The determination of glomerular filtration rate （GFR） can provide important reference to the assessment of kidney patient＇s functional status, the observation of the treatment effect, the adjustment of the treatment plan and the estimation of the prognosis, etc. Studies have shown that diabetic patients with high GFR have higher risk of nephropathy than those with normal GFR, and the rising GFR can be an early marker for diabetic nephropathy. At present, a lot of methods have been used to measure and estimate the GFR, which have different clinical sensitivityl. Moreover, there are various situation among different patients. There- fore, a lot of factors should be taken into consideration when choosing a method to determine the GFR, inclu- ding not only the accuracy and precision, but also the simplicity and practicability of the method. Here is to make a review of the common clinical methods to determine the GFR, as well as their significance and the influence factors.