社区老年人运动功能及自我感知老化与抑郁的结构方程模型构建

目的探讨社区老年人运动功能、自我感知老化、抑郁现状及三者之间的关系,为制订促进老年人精神心理健康的干预措施提供参考。方法采用老年人运动功能评定量表、简版自我感知老化量表及患者健康问卷抑郁量表对842名新乡市社区老年人进行调查,构建和检验三者关系的结构方程模型。结果社区老年人运动功能障碍综合征发生率为8.31%,抑郁情绪检出率为16.75%,自我感知老化条目均分2.44±0.52。运动功能与自我感知老化、抑郁,自我感知老化与抑郁呈正相关(均P<0.01)。结构方程模型显示,运动功能对抑郁的直接效应显著(效应值0.207,效应量45.5%),自我感知老化在运动功能和抑郁之间的中介作用显著(效应值0.248,效应量54.5%)。结论社区老年人抑郁情绪发生率较高,应采取有效措施帮助老年人树立积极老化态度,维护老年人精神健康。

Construction of structural equation modeling of motor function, self-perception aging and depression among the elderly in community

Objective To explore the status and relationships among motor function,self-perception aging and depression in community-dwelling older adults,so as to provide reference for developing intervention to promote the mental health of the elderly.Methods A total of 842 community-dwelling older adults in Xinxiang city were selected conveniently and investigated using the 25-question Geriatric Locomotive Function Scale,the Brief Ageing Perceptions Questionnaire and the Patient Health Questionnaire Depression Scale,to construct the structural equation modeling and examine the relationships among the three variables.Results The detection rate of locomotive syndrome and depression was 8.31%and 16.75%respectively.The mean score of self-perception aging was 2.44±0.52.Motor function was positively correlated with self-perception aging and depression,self-perception aging was positively associated with depression(P<0.01 for all).Results from structural equation modeling showed that,the direct effect of motor function on depression was significant(effect value 0.207,effect size 45.5%),and the mediating effect of self-perceived aging on motor function and depression was significant(effect value 0.248,effect size 54.5%).Conclusion The incid ence of depression emotion among the elderly in community is high,it is necessary to take effective measures to help the elderly develop positive attitude towards aging,in order to promote their mental health.