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Family attitude scale: measurement of criticism in the relatives of patients with schizophrenia in Japan |
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| Authors: | Fujita Hirokazu Shimodera Shinji Izumoto Yuji Tanaka Shuichi Kii Masaru Mino Yoshio Inoue Shimpei |
| Affiliation: | a Department of Neuropsychiatry, Kochi Medical School, Kohasu, Oko-cho, Nankoku, Kochi, 783-8505, Japan b Watarigawa Hospital, Gudo, Nakamura, Kochi, 787-0019, Japan c Tosa Hospital, Shin-honmachi, Kochi, 780-0062, Japan d Department of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, Okayama University Medical School, 2-5-1, Shikata-cho, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan e Ichiyo Mental Hospital, 9-3, Akasaki-cho, Susaki, Kochi, 785-0037, Japan f Maaruikokoro Clinic, 6775-1, Gudo, Nakamura, Kochi, 787-0019, Japan g Department of Neuropsychiatry, Hata Prefectual Hospital, 3-1, Yoshina, Yamana-cho, Sukumo, Kochi, 787-0785, Japan h Department of Mental Health, College of Social Welfare, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1, Gakuen-cho, Sakai, Osaka, 599-8531, Japan |
| Abstract: | Expressed emotion (EE) is traditionally measured with the Camberwell Family Interview (CFI), but the CFI requires considerable time for both execution and evaluation. As an alternative, we investigated the validity of the Family Attitude Scale (FAS), a questionnaire developed for the measurement of EE. The CFI, the FAS, the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ), and the Five-Minute Speech Sample (FMSS) were administered in 57 members of the families of 41 patients with acute episodes of schizophrenia. The relative sensitivity and specificity of EE assessment with the FAS compared with the criticism component of the CFI were 100% and 88.5%, respectively. EE assessment based on criticism as assessed with the FMSS compared with the CFI had a sensitivity of 40.0% and a specificity of 90.4%. The GHQ score tended to be higher in the high-scoring FAS group than in the low-scoring FAS group. The FAS showed excellent validity for the measurement of critical aspects of family attitudes, and the FAS score reflected the state of psychological health of the families. |
| Keywords: | Schizophrenia Expressed emotion (EE) Camberwell Family Interview Five-Minute Speech Sample General Health Questionnaire |
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