胰岛素使用访谈工具对糖尿病患者心理及自护行为的影响

目的观察使用胰岛素访谈工具对糖尿病患者心理状况及自我护理能力的影响。方法选择200例使用胰岛素注射治疗的2型糖尿病患者,随机分为实验组与对照组,每组各100例。使用胰岛素访谈工具对实验组患者进行健康教育,包括四个步骤：我对胰岛素的看法,专业访谈参考手册,画说胰岛素,我的胰岛素治疗;对照组患者接受传统健康教育,内容包括糖尿病的有关理论概论、饮食指导、胰岛素的作用、胰岛素注射及保存方法、自我血糖监测的原则以及方法。分别采用症状自评量表（SCL-90）、糖尿病自护行为量表（DSCS）评估患者的心理状态、自我护理行为执行情况。结果干预前两组患者SCL-90、DSCS差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。实验组患者治疗后躯体化、强迫、人际关系敏感、抑郁、焦虑、恐怖因子得分明显降低（P〈0.05）,敌对性、偏执、精神病性因子得分无明显改善（P〉0.05）。对照组患者治疗后抑郁、焦虑因子得分明显降低（P〈0.05）,余因子得分无明显改善（P〉0.05）。实验组患者治疗后DSCS评分及各分项目评分显著提高（P〈0.05）,对照组患者治疗后DSCS评分及各分项目评分无明显改善（P〉0.05）。结论胰岛素使用访谈工具可以改善糖尿病患者的心理状况,提高患者的自我护理能力。

Effect of insulin interview tool on mental health state and self-care in patients with diabetes

Objective To explore the effect of insulin interview tool on mental health state and self-care in patients with diabetes. Methods Two hundred patients with type 2 diabetes were randomly divided into experimental group and control group, with 100 cases in each group. The experimental group received health education by using insulin interview tool, including four steps： my opinion for insulin, professional interview reference manual, image talk of insulin,my insulin treatment. The control group received traditional health education, the contents included introduction to the related theory of diabetes, diet guide, insulin action, insulin injection and storage method, principle and method of selfmonitoring of blood glucose. The symptom checklist 90（SCL-90） and diabetes self-care scale（DSCS） were used to evaluate psychological states, implementation of self-care behavior of patients. Results There were no significant differences in the SCL-90 and DSCS between experimental group and control group before intervention（P〉0.05）. In experimental group, the scores of somatization, force, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety and terror were decreased significantly after intervention（P〈0.05）, the scores of hostility, bigotry, psychotic factors showed no significant improvement（P〉0.05）. In control group, the scores of depression, anxiety were decreased significantly after intervention（P〈0.05）, the scores of other factors showed no significant improvement（P〉0.05）. There was significant improvement in the scores of DSCS and each project after intervention in experimental group（P〈0.05）, no significant differences were showed in control group（P〉0.05）. Conclusion The insulin interview tool on health education in patients with diabetes can improve the mental state of patients and abilities of self-care.