三维重建技术在胸腔镜肺切除手术中的临床应用

目的探讨三维重建支气管、肺血管和肿瘤技术进行术前手术规划及术中实时导航对胸腔镜肺切除手术的临床应用价值。方法回顾性分析非小细胞肺癌行胸腔镜肺叶根治性切除和肺结节行肺段切除术各25例病人的临床资料。所有病人术前均行胸部薄层CT扫描，应用DeepInsight软件对支气管、肺动脉、肺静脉进行重建，同时对肺部结节、肿瘤或者肿大淋巴结进行重建；通过术前重建三维图像进行精准的术前规划，特别是肺支气管及血管的变异情况，肿瘤、肿大淋巴结与肺血管的关系，肺结节在肺段中的精准定位等。对照术前三维重建，术中实时导航进行精准手术；记录术中有无中转开胸、手术时间、术中出血及术后住院时间、引流管拔除时间及总引流量，围术期并发症发生情况。结果全部病人清晰重建支气管及肺血管解剖结构及变异情况，对中央型肿瘤及肿大淋巴结与血管的关系重建满意，明确定位肺结节在肺段中的位置及精确的进行术前规划。全部病人进行术中实时导航，按照术前规划实施精准手术，手术顺利完成，无中转开胸及术中意外出血情况，手术时间（147.60±37.77）min，术中出血量（33.82±22.17）mL，术后住院时间（7.02±1.78）d，引流管拔除时间（4.68±1.60）d，术后总引流量（221.00±135.03）mL；围术期无严重并发症及死亡病例。结论应用胸部薄层CT数据进行术前三维重建及术中实时导航技术，能够精准、高效、安全方便的实施胸腔镜肺叶和肺段切除手术。

Application value of three-dimensional reconstruction in minimally invasive pulmonary surgery

ObjectiveTo explore the clinical value of the preoperative planning and intraoperative real-time navigation using the three-dimensional-reconstruction of bronchi, pulmonary vessels and tumors in thoracoscopic pneumonectomy.MethodsThe clinical data of 25 non-small cell lung cancer patients treated with thoracoscopic radical lobectomy and 25 cases treated with segmental resection of pulmonary nodules were retrospectively analyzed.All patients were detected using chest thin-slice CT scan before operation, and the bronchus, pulmonary artery and pulmonary vein were reconstructed with DeepInsight software, and the pulmonary nodules, tumors or enlarged lymph nodes were also reconstructed.The accurate preoperative planning was carried out through the preoperative three-dimensional-reconstruction, especially the variation of pulmonary bronchus and blood vessels.The accurate operation were implemented using the real-time navigation of three-dimensional-reconstruction of tumors, enlarged lymph nodes and pulmonary vessels.The intraoperative conversion to thoracotomy, operation time, intraoperative bleeding and postoperative hospital stay, drainage tube removal time, total drainage volume and perioperative complications were recorded.ResultsThe anatomical structure, variation of bronchus and pulmonary vessels were clearly reconstructed in all patients, and the relationship between the central tumor, enlarged lymph nodes and vessels were satisfactory.The locatory of pulmonary nodules in the pulmonary segments was clearly identified, and the preoperative planning was accurately carried out.The intraoperative real-time navigation was carried out in all patients, and the precise surgery was carried out according to the preoperative plan.The operation was successfully completed, and no conversion to thoracotomy or intraoperative accidental bleeding were found.The operative time was(147.60±37.77)min, the intraoperative blood loss was(33.82±22.17)mL, the postoperative hospital stay was(7.02±1.78)d, the drainage tube removal time was(4.68±1.60)d, and the postoperative total drainage volume was (221.00±135.03)mL.There were not serious complications and death in perioperative period.ConclusionsThe application of chest thin-slice CT data in preoperative three-dimensional-reconstruction and intraoperative navigation can accurately, effectively and safely guide the thoracoscopic lobectomy and pulmonary segmentectomy.