上海普陀区青少年超重、肥胖流行现状与高血压关系

目的 了解上海市普陀区青少年超重、肥胖和高血压的流行病学资料,探讨青少年超重、肥胖与高血压的关系。方法 以普陀区3 662名初中学生为研究对象,测量身高、体重、腰围、血压。依据我国青少年性别、年龄百分位标准判断超重、肥胖,高血压前期和高血压。比较不同性别青少年超重、肥胖率以及正常体重、超重、肥胖组的高血压前期、高血压检出率。结果 超重、肥胖检出率分别为19.88%、13.49%,男生超重22.56%、肥胖18.29%检出率明显高于女生17.07%,8.45%(P<0.01)。收缩压、舒张压比较肥胖组高于超重组和正常体重组,超重组高于正常体重组(P<0.01)。高血压和高血压前期的检出率比较肥胖组高于超重组和正常体重组,超重组高于正常体重组(P<0.01)。结论 普陀区青少年超重及肥胖发生率高于全国平均水平,高血压的发生与超重、肥胖相关。青少年肥胖的防治工作应引起重视。

Prevalence of overweight and obesity and relationship between them and hypertension among adolescents in Putuo District of Shanghai City

Objective To investigate the prevalence of overweight and obesity in adolescents in Putuo District of Shanghai City and evaluate the relationship between hypertension and overweight and obesity. Methods A total of 3 662 junior middle school students in Putuo District were investigated. The body height, weight, waist circumference and blood pressure were measured. Overweight, obesity and hypertension and pre-hypertension were estimated according to Chinese national gender-, age- specific references. The differences of overweight and obesity between boys and girls were calculated. The prevalence rates of hypertension and pre-hypertension among different nutritional status groups were stratified. Results The detection rate of overweight was 19.88%, and the detection rate of obesity was 13.49%. The detection rates of overweight 22.56% and obesity 18.29% of the boys were significantly higher than those 17.07%, 8.45% of the girls (P<0.01). The average systolic and diastolic blood pressures as well as the detection rates of hypertension and pre-hypertension of the obesity students were higher than those of the overweight students and normal weight students, and the average systolic and diastolic blood pressures as well as the detection rates of hypertension and pre-hypertension of the overweight students were significantly higher than those of the normal body weight adolescents (P<0.01). Conclusion The incidence rates of overweight and obesity in adolescents in Putuo District are higher than the national average levels. Hypertension is associated with overweight and obesity. Therefore, more attention should be paid to the prevention and treatment of adolescent obesity.