某社区老年人支气管哮喘流行病学调查

目的　了解社区老年人支气管哮喘的患病情况 ,为哮喘防治奠定基础。　方法　采用整群抽样 ,对南海市桂城社区 2 481名 60岁以上老年人进行哮喘的流行病学调查。　结果　确诊老年人哮喘 98例 ,患病率为 3 .95 % (男4.91%、女 2 .92 % ) ,男性高于女性 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;工业区老年人哮喘的患病率高于文化区 (患病率分别为 5 .12 %、3 .2 6% ,P<0 .0 5 ) ;有遗传家族史者 45例 ,占 45 .92 % ;78%的患者发病年龄 >14岁 ;诱发因素前 3位分别是上呼吸道感染、气候变化和刺激性气体 ;合并COPD2 5例 ,占 2 5 .5 1%。　结论　老年人哮喘是不容忽视的疾病 ,需加强对社区哮喘的管理和教育。

An Epidemiological Survey on Bronchial Asthma among Elderly People in Community

Objective To investigate the asthma prevalence among elderly people in community and provide a basic for interrention control of asthma. Methods 2481 residents (aged 60 and over) were studied in community of Nanhaiguicheng area by cluster sampling method. Result 98 cases were diagnosed as asthma. The overall morbidity of asthma was 3.95% (male 4.91% and female 2.92%) . The morbidity of asthma in male was higher than that in female (P<0.05). The prevalence in the industrial area (5.12%) was higher than that in the cultural area (3.26%) (P<0.05).Of the asthma patients ,45 cases (45.92%) were found with heredity background in their families. About 78 percent of asthma patients had the onset at their adulthood.The first three inducing causes are infection of the upper respiratory tract,change of weather and inhalation of irritant gas .Of the asthma patients,25 cases (25.51%) were found complicated with COPD. Conclusion Asthma is still a serious disease among elderly people.Management and education of asthma in the elderly should be strengthened.