不同年龄组冠心病危险因素的比较

目的 寻找不同年龄段冠心病发病危险因素的差异。方法 1991-03/1997-02在西京医院心内科住院确诊的434例冠心病患，按年龄分为3组，设计统一的调查表格，对一般社会经济化特征、冠心病常见危险因素以及冠状动脉造影（CAG）结果等进行调查和测量。比较3组间的危险因素的差异。结果 中年组、老年前期组和老年组的女性冠心病的比例分别为7.9%，9.1%和17.3%，吸烟率分别为81.2%，74.0%，62.6%，平均每日吸烟量分别为19.8，16.1和11.6支，家族心脑血管病史暴露率也随着年龄的增长而显下降，3组间有显差异。中青年组冠心病以典型心绞痛为主，老年冠心病则以不典型心绞痛为主。结论 不同发病年龄的冠心病患其危险因素的暴露水平有所不同，男性、吸烟和冠心病家庭史可能是冠心病提前发生的重要原因。

Comparison of risk factors for coronary heart disease among different age groups

AIM To find out the difference between risk factors for coronary heart disease (CHD) among different age groups. METHODS 434 CHD inpatients from 1991 to 1997 were investigated. The subjects were divided into 3 age groups. Major risk factors for CHD were investigated. Serum lipids were measured and coronary angiography was performed. Standard definition was used to define the risk factors. Risk factors among the 3 groups were compared. RESULTS Proportions of female CHD patients in the middle age, elderly and old groups were 7.9%, 9.1% and 17.3% respectively. Exposure rates of cigarette smoking in the 3 groups were 81.2%, 74.0% and 62.6% respectively and average consumption of cigarettes per day was 19.8, 16.1 and 11.6 respectively. Exposure rates of family history in the younger group were significantly higher than that of the elder group. Symptoms among the 3 groups were also different. Major symptom in the middle age group was typical angina pectoris and that in the older group was atypical angina pectoris. CONCLUSION Exposure levels or risk factors in different age groups of CHD patients are different. Sex, family history and cigarette smoking may contribute to the occurrence of premature CHD.