福田区肠道传染病实验室监测结果的分析

目的探讨深圳市福田区腹泻病例中病菌感染现况,分析其流行病学特征并提出防治措施。方法哨点医院采集门诊未使用抗生素腹泻监测患者的大便样本、肛拭子或呕吐物标本,进行致病菌的分离培养,对阳性菌株进行分子生物学特征分析。结果福田区腹泻病例监测中肠道致病菌感染率为11.45（115/1004）,检测出沙门菌、副溶血弧菌、EPEC、EIEC、ETEC,在不同年龄段均有显著性差异（均P〈0.01）,病例以致泻性大肠埃希菌感染为主。EPEC、EIEC、ETEC感染季节分布无明显差异（P〉0.05）;沙门菌、副溶血弧菌感染情况在不同季节有明显差异（P〈0.05）,沙门菌、副溶血弧菌感染在夏季较多见;常住与暂住人群的感染构成比有显著差别（P〈0.01）;男女性别比无明显差异（P〉0.05）。结论福田区要重点加强辖区内致泻性大肠埃希菌感染的防治,在夏季要加强沙门菌、副溶血弧菌的监测与防治,注重暂住人群的肠道传染病防治知识宣教。

Analysis of Intestinal Infectious Disease Laboratory Monitoring in Futian District

Objective To study the infected situation of diarrhea in Futian district,and analyze its epidemiological characteristics,provide measures of treatment and prevention.Methods Colleting stool samples,rectal swabs or vomit samples of no use antibiotics cases in sentinel hospitals to isolate and culture pathogenic bacteria,analyzed the molecular characterization of positive strains.Results The positive of intestinal pathogenic bacteria was 11.45%（115/1004）,the distribution of age had significant in Salmonella,Vibrio parahaemolyticus,EPEC,ETEC and ETEC（P0.01）,and diarrheogenic Escherichia coli was the main pathogenic bacteria.The distribution of season in EPEC,ETEC and ETEC has no significant（P0.05）,but the Salmonella and Vibrio parahaemolyticus had significant（P0.05）.The distribution of household had significant（P0.01）.The gender distribution was no significant.Conclusion We must focus on strengthening the prevention and treatment of diarrheagenic E.coli infection,strengthening the surveillance and prevention of Salmonella and Vibrio parahaemolyticus in summer especially,strengthening the health education and promotion of intestinal infectious disease in floating population.