豚鼠中性粒细胞性哮喘模型的建立

目的建立豚鼠中性粒细胞性哮喘模型。方法 40只成年雄性豚鼠按随机数字表法分为对照组（A组）、嗜酸粒细胞性哮喘组（B组）、中性粒细胞性哮喘组（C组）、嗜酸粒细胞性哮喘治疗组（D组）和中性粒细胞性哮喘治疗组（E组）。用卵白蛋白（ovalbumin,OVA）和弗氏完全佐剂（Freund’s complete adjuvant,FCA）联合致敏或OVA单独致敏豚鼠后用OVA雾化吸入激发建立中性粒细胞性哮喘或嗜酸粒细胞性哮喘模型,治疗组在激发前腹腔注射地塞米松。观察各组豚鼠雾化激发后体征变化及支气管肺组织病理改变,并比较各组豚鼠气道阻力、血中白细胞分类计数、支气管肺泡灌洗液（brochial alveolar lavage fiuid,BALF）细胞总数及分类计数。结果 B、C组豚鼠激发后均出现典型哮喘症状,不同浓度乙酰甲胆碱激发后的气道阻力与A组相比均显著增高（P〈0.05）;B组豚鼠BALF总数、BALF及血中嗜酸粒细胞所占比例与A组比较显著增加（P〈0.05）;C组豚鼠BALF总数、BALF及血中中性粒细胞所占比例与A组比较均显著增加（P〈0.05）;C组豚鼠BALF中性粒细胞所占比例与B组相比显著增加（P〈0.05）;除B、D组血中性粒细胞外,D和E两组的上述其他各项指标分别与B组和C组相比明显降低（P〈0.05）,以上差异均有统计学意义。B、C两组豚鼠支气管肺组织病理均提示支气管管腔狭窄、黏膜上皮脱落、炎症细胞浸润等典型的哮喘病理学改变,其中B组以嗜酸粒细胞浸润为主,C组以中性粒细胞浸润为主,D、E组较之明显好转。结论本实验建立的豚鼠中性粒细胞性哮喘模型是成功的。

Establishment of neutrophilic asthma model in guinea pigs

Objective To establish the neutrophilic asthma model in guinea pigs.Methods Forty adult male guinea pigs were ramdomly divided into five groups:control group (group A),eosinophilic asthma group (group B),neutrophilic asthma group (group C),eosinophilic asthma treatment group (group D),neutrophilic asthma treatment group (group E).The guinea pigs in group B and C were sensitized with ovalbumin(OVA) and Freund’s complete adjuvant (FCA) together or OVA alone,then were continuously stimulated with OVA atomization inhalation until appearing asthma symptom to establish neutrophilic asthma model or eosinophilic asthma model.The guinea pigs of the two treatment groups were intraperitoneal injected with dexamethasone before challenge.The change of behavior and bronchial lung tissue pathology of guinea pigs after challenge were observed.The total number of cell and differential cell counts in brochial alveolar lavage fiuid (BALF) and blood,airway resistance were detected.Results The guinea pigs of group B and C shown typical symptoms of asthma,and their airway resistance after different concentrations of methacholine challenge were significantly higher than group A (P<0.05).The total cell counts and percentage of eosinophil (EOS%) in BALF and blood of group B were significantly higher than group A (P<0.05).The total number of cells and the proportion of neutrophil of BALF and blood in group C were significantly higher than group A (P<0.05).The percentage of neutrophil of BALF and blood in group C were significantly higher compared with which in group B (P<0.05).Except for the percentage of neutrophil of blood in group B and D,the other indicators of the group D and E which were mentioned above decreased significantly compared with group B and C respectively (P<0.05).The pathological study showed that luminal narrowing of bronchus, glandular hypertrophy and inflammatory cells infiltration in the group B and C,of which group B was mainly infiltrated with eosinophil and group C was primarily infiltrated with neutrophil.Compared with group B and C the pathological change of Guinea Pigs in group D and E was improved obviously.Conclusions We have successfully established a model of meutrophilic asthma in guinea pigs.