青海省城乡社区中老年卒中患病率及危险因素研究

目的 了解青海省城乡中老年人群卒中患病率及卒中的人群和城乡分布特征，并进一步探讨发病的 危险因素。 方法 本研究采用整群抽样调查方法，对青海省西宁市中庄社区和民和县官亭镇40岁以上人群进 行卒中患病率和发病高危因素调查。收集问卷调查、体格检查、实验室化验、经颅多普勒（transcranial Doppler sonography，TCD）及颈动脉超声检查及头部影像检查资料，采用单因素和多因素Logistic回归方 法分析卒中发病的危险因素。 结果 共筛查40岁以上人群4100例，其中卒中患者314例，总患病率7.65%，其中城市居民的卒中患 病率明显高于农村（10.33% vs 4.85%，P =0.007)。城市居民男性卒中患病率高于女性（12.21% vs 8.00%，P =0.026)。多因素Logistic回归模型分析结果显示：高血压和增龄是本组研究人群卒中的危险 因素；其中城市居民卒中的危险因素包括增龄、高血压、高血脂；农村居民卒中的危险因素为高血压， 保护因素为体力劳动。 结论 青海省城乡社区卒中患病率处于较高水平，城乡居民卒中的危险因素有所不同。

Study on Prevalence and Risk Factors of Stroke of Middle-aged and Elderly-aged Community Residents in Urban and Rural Areas of Qinghai Province

Objective To investigate the prevalence of stroke of middle-aged and elderly aged population in urban-rural area and the urban-rural distribution characteristics in Qinghai and further discuss the risk factors of stroke. Methods This research adopted the method of cluster sampling and developed investigation in prevalence and high risk factor of stroke among population aged above 40 years old in Xining (city level) Zhongzhuang community and Minhe (county level) Guanting town in Qinghai province. Questionaire interview, physical examination, blood test, transcranial Doppler sonography (TCD), Carotid artery ultrasound examination and the upper head image examination were made. Uni-variate and multivariate Logistic regressions were applied for analyzing risk factors of stroke. Results A total of 4100 people aged above 40 years old were screened. Among which, there were 314 cases of stroke and the total morbidity of stroke was 8%, (314/4100). The morbidity of stroke in urban was obviously higher than that in rural area (10.33%vs 4.85%,P=0.007). The male morbidity was higher than female in urban area (12.21%vs 8.00%,P=0.026). Multivariate Logistic regression model analysis showed that older age and hypertension were risk factors for stroke of the study population. The risk factor of urban residents included older age, hypertension and hyperlipidemia; and the risk factor of rural residents was hypertension. The protective factor was physical exercise. Conclusion The morbidity of stroke in urban and rural community areas of Qinghai province is relatively higher. However, the risk factors in urban and rural area differ.