化疗致胃肠道黏膜炎动物模型构建方法的研究进展

化疗后胃肠道黏膜炎的主要问题之一是其根本的发病机制尚未完全阐明,研究者无法直接在人体上开展实验,难以制定有效干预措施.动物模型的应用在该领域的研究中起到极为关键的作用.近年来,研究者通过复制接近人体状态的动物模型,在各类化疗药物的细胞机制和临床药理学研究方面取得了显著进展.本文通过MeSH主题词结合自由词,电子检索PubMed(1950-2011)、Science Direct(1823-2011)数据库,对荷瘤大鼠化疗胃肠黏膜炎模型、胃肠黏膜炎非荷瘤模型、基因敲除和转基因动物模型进行综述,全面分析各种化疗后胃肠道黏膜炎模型的造模方法及优缺点,为今后研究化疗的胃肠黏膜毒性反应及其机制,提供造模方面的选择和参考依据.

Progress towards the development of animal models of chemotherapy-induced gastrointestinal mucositis

The pathogenesis of chemotherapy-induced gastrointestinal mucositis is not fully elucidated, which makes it extremely difficult to develop effective interventions. Recently, the use of animal models of chemotherapy-induced gastrointestinal mucositis has led to advances in the understanding of cellular mechanisms and clinical pharmacology of various types of chemotherapy drugs. Tumor-bearing models, non-tumorbearing models, transgenic models and gene knockout models have been developed to assess the effect of chemotherapy on chemotherapyinduced gastrointestinal mucositis. In this paper, we comprehensively analyze the advantages and disadvantages of various methods for developing chemotherapy-induced gastrointestinal mucositis to provide a reference for the choice of animal models for future research of chemotherapy-associated mucosal toxicity and the underlying mechanisms.