抗菌药物使用与常见感染病原菌耐药情况分析

目的：了解本院抗菌药物的应用及细菌耐药情况,为临床合理用药提供参考。方法：采用回顾性调查方法,对本院2010年抗菌药物的消耗量、用药频度（DDDs）及病原菌耐药情况进行统计、分析。结果：头孢菌素类、青霉素类、大环内酯类药物的DDDs排在前3位。DDDs排序列前20位的抗菌药物中,头孢菌素类占5种,头孢羟氨苄的DDDs最高,其次是头孢呋辛。本院临床分离菌以革兰阴性菌为主,占77.6%,其次是革兰阳性菌,占16.5%。最常见的菌种是肺炎克雷伯、大肠埃希菌、铜绿假单胞菌、鲍曼不动杆菌、耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌。结论：医院应加强抗菌药物管理,合理使用抗菌药物,减少细菌耐药性的发生。

Analysis of drug resistance on the use of antibacterials and common pathogenic bacteria infection

Objective：To investigate the utilization of antimicrobials and bacterial drug resistance in our hospital and to provide reference for rational use of drugs in the clinic.Methods：By retrospective analysis,the consumption,DDDs and bacterial drug resistance of antimicrobials in our hospital in 2010 were analyzed statistically.Results：The first three categories of drugs in the list of DDDs were cephalosporins,penicilins and macrolides.Among top 20 drugs in the list of DDDs,there were five kinds of cephalosporins.Cefadroxil took up the first place of DDDs,followed by cefuroxime.Among all the clinical isolated specimens,the gram-negative bacterium and the gram-positive bacterium accounted for 77.6% and 16.5% respectively.The general bacteria were klebsiella pneumoniae（KP）,escherichia coli（EC）,pseudomonas aeruginosa,acinetobacter baumannii,methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus（MRSA）.Conclusion：Hospital should spare no effort to tighten control on antibacterials to promote rational use of antibacterials and reduce bacterial drug resistance.