纯化痘病毒筛选的常用方法

痘病毒是自然界普遍存在的DNA病毒，能够高效表达外源基因，诱导较强的细胞免疫和体液免疫，受到基因治疗学者的广泛关注。痘病毒发生同源重组的概率较低，所以有效地筛选和纯化痘病毒十分重要。目前常用的筛选重组痘病毒方法有基于CRISPR进行筛选；根据报告基因GFP、LacZ、GPT等进行筛选；利用TK^-和Brdu结合荧光进行筛选；利用药物抗性基因与荧光或显色基因融合，即可在药物筛选的同时观察荧光或显色基因表达情况。本文旨在对目前常用的痘病毒的筛选纯化方法进行综述。

Commonly used methods for screening and purifying vaccinia virus

Vaccinia virus is a ubiquitous DNA virus in nature. It can express exogenous genes efficiently and induce both humoral and cellular immunity. This property has made it become a hot topic in gene therapy research. Since the probability of homologous recombination is low, effective screening and purification of vaccinia virus is very important. At present, the commonly used methods for screening vaccinia virus are based on the use of reporter genes, such as GFP, LacZ, gpt, and other genes, or the use of TK^- and Brdu combined with fluorescence. Some scholars have tried to fuse drug resistance gene, fluorescence, and chromogenic genes to carry out drug screening and observe gene expression. In this article, we will make a summary of the commonly used methods for vaccinia virus screening and purification, and compare their advantages and disadvantages.