陕西省汉中市美沙酮维持治疗效果分析

目的:了解陕西省汉中市药物依赖者美沙酮维持治疗6个月后的治疗效果。方法:采用问卷方式对2006年9月-2008年3月在陕西省汉中市美沙酮门诊维持治疗6个月以上的维持治疗者(以下简称治疗者)的一般情况、药物滥用情况、性行为、违法犯罪、社会家庭功能等方面进行调查。结果:共调查120例,其中男100例,女20例,男女比例为5∶1;年龄20-54(32.18±s5.26)a;初中(65.00%)文化者占多数;未婚/离异(60.00%)者占比例较高;待业或无业者高达70.00%;共用针具的比例由治疗前39.17%降至治疗后10.00%;安全套的使用率由治疗前的20.83%提升至30.00%;犯罪率由治疗前的16.66%降至5.00%;过去一个月内与毒友的交往从治疗前的35次减至6次;90.00%的治疗者认为和家人关系紧张而治疗后只有64.16%;有固定工作的比例由治疗前的17.50%增加到治疗后的30.00%。结论:美沙酮维持治疗能够改变治疗者注射毒品等高危险行为,提高安全性行为,减少违法犯罪,社会家庭功能得到改善,就业率增加,值得推广。

EFFICACY EVALUATION ON METHADONE MAINTENANCE TREATMENT IN HANZHONG SHAANXI

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy of methadone maintenance treatment(MMT) for drug dependent patients in Hanzhong Shaanxi.Methods:An evaluation was conducted with a questionnaire issued by National Methadone Maintenance Treatment Working Group among the patients who had been on MMT for six months in Hanzhong Psychiatric Hospital MMT clinic from September 2006 to March 2008.Results:A total of 120 patients were recruited in the evaluation.Among them 100 were males and 20 females(the ratio was 5∶1).Their age ranged from 20 to 54(32.18±s 5.26)a;the majority(65.00%)had an education of junior middle school;60.00% were unmarried/divorced;70.00% had no job.After being on MMT,the proportion of the patients sharing injectors dropped from 39.17% to 10.00%;condom use raised from 20.83% to 30.00%;crime commitments dropped from 16.66% to 5.00%;getting together with former drug user friends reduced from 35 times within a month before to 6 times;the proportion of experiencing family tension dropped from 90.00% to 64.16% and the proportion of having a job raised from 17.50% to 30.00%.Conclusion:MMT can change the high risk behaviors such as injecting drugs,sharing injectors,unprotected sexual intercourse among drug users under MMT.It also can reduce crimes,improve social and family function,and employment.