社区护理干预降低小学生近视眼/沙眼发生率的效果观察

目的 探讨社区护理干预对降低小学生近视眼、沙眼发生率的效果。方法 选择丽水市莲都区丽阳门社区内某小学1～4年级小学生200人,随机分为两组各100人,干预组进行为期3年的针对近视和沙眼的综合社区护理干预措施,对照组没有给予社区护理干预。比较干预前后两组小学生近视、沙眼的发生情况。结果 干预组经过3年的护理干预后,近视眼、沙眼发生率分别为32.0%、2.0%,较干预前的54.0%、6.0%明显下降（P〈0.01或P〈0.05）;干预前两组近视、沙眼发生率差异无统计学意义;干预后两组近视、沙眼发生率比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01或P〈0.05）。结论 社区护理干预对小学生近视眼、沙眼的防治具有明显的效果,应大力推动社区护理发展,促进儿童健康发育。

Observation of the Effect of Lowering the Incidence Rate of Myopia and Trachoma among Pupils by Community Nursing Intervention

Objective To study the effect of lowering the incidence rate of myopia and trachoma among pupils by community nursing intervention. Methods Two hundred pupils from Grade 1 to 4 from a primary school in Liyangmen Community, Liandu District, Lishui, were chosen as the study population, who were divided into the intervnention group and control group at random, each with 100. The intervention group were offered three years＇ comprehensive nursing intervention directed against myopia and trachoma, while the control group, were not. A contrast in the incidence of the two diseases was then made between the two groups both before and after the intervention. Results After three years＇ nursing intervention, the incidence rate of myopia and trachoma of the intervention group were 32.0% and 2.0% respectively, a significant decrease against the 54.0% and 6.0% before the intervention （P〈0.01 and P〈0.05, respectively）. The pre-intervention difference in the incidence rate of the two diseases between the two groups had no statistical significance, while that after the intervention had （P〈0.01 or P〈0.05, respectively）. Conclusion Community nursing intervention has a remarkable effect on the prevention of myopia and trachoma, and so measures should be taken to promote the development in this regard to help children grow healthily.