芪黄煎剂对缺血-再灌注大鼠肠黏膜上皮细胞凋亡的影响

目的 观察中药芪黄煎剂对缺血－再灌注（ischemia reperfusion，I/R）损伤大鼠肠黏膜上皮细胞凋亡的影响。方法 建立肠黏膜I/R大鼠模型，即夹闭大鼠肠系膜上动脉45 min，再灌注1 h后取标本。观察各组大鼠肠黏膜病理形态变化及肠黏膜上皮细胞凋亡情况。结果 病理形态学：假手术组大鼠肠绒毛完整；I/R 组大鼠肠绒毛上皮下间隙扩张，上皮顶端与固有层明显分离伴固有层毛细血管暴露、出血和溃疡；谷氨酰胺组部分肠绒毛上皮下间隙扩张, 部分绒毛上皮顶端与固有层分离、部分肠绒毛有出血和溃疡；芪黄煎剂组与I/R 组及谷氨酰胺组比较，肠绒毛损伤程度较轻, 绒毛上皮顶端与固有层部分分离、部分肠绒毛有出血。肠黏膜病理Chiu氏评分：假手术组最低（0分）；I/R组评分最高; 谷氨酰胺组评分低于I/R组（P<0.05）；芪黄煎剂组评分明显低于I/R组(P<0.05 ),但与谷氨酰胺组比较，差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。肠黏膜上皮细胞凋亡显示：假手术组肠上皮存在一定数量的凋亡细胞，比其他3组少(P<0.05)；I/R 组肠上皮凋亡细胞数明显大于其他3组（P<0.05）；谷氨酰胺组凋亡细胞数少于I/R 组（P<0.05）,但多于假手术组和芪黄煎剂组；芪黄煎剂组肠上皮细胞凋亡数高于假手术组，低于I/R组和谷氨酰胺组，与I/R 组比较，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05），与谷氨酰胺组比较，差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论 芪黄煎剂可减少I/R对大鼠肠黏膜上皮造成的损伤，其作用机制可能与抑制肠黏膜上皮细胞凋亡有关。

Effect of Qihuang Decoction on Epithelial Cell Apoptosis of Ischemia/reperfusion Injured Intestinal Mucosa in Rat

Objective To observe the effect of Qihuang Decoction (QHD) on epithelial cell apoptosis of ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injured intestinal mucosa in rat. Methods The I/R injured intestinal mucosa rat model was established by clamping superior mesenteric artery (SMA) for 45 min and reperfusing for 60 min. The pathomorphological Changes and epithelial cell apoptosis in the injured intestinal mucosa were observed and compared among groups: the sham-operated group (A), the model group (B), the glutamine treated group (C) and the QHD treated group (D). Results pathomorphological examination showed that in group A, the intestinal villus was intact; in group B, the intestinal subepithelial space were dilated, and showed evident cleavage between the epithelial top and the lamina propria with bare capillaries, bleeding and ulceration; in group C and D, the above-mentioned pathomorphological changes were alleviated to some extents, appeared only in part of the villa, and the alleviation was more significant in group D than in group C. Chiu's scoring showed that the lowest score (zero) presented in group A and the highest presented in group B; scores in group C and D was significantly lower than that in group B (P<0.05), but showed insignificant difference between the two groups (P>0.05). Epithelial cell apoptosis detection showed that the least apoptosis rate presented in group A, and the highest in the group B; while in the group C, it lied between group A and B (all P<0.05), and showed no statistical significance to group D (P>0.05), though appeared a lowering trend. Conclusion QHD could reduce the I/R injured intestinal epithelial mucosa, and its protective mechanism may be related to the inhibition on apoptosis of intestinal mucosal epithelial cells.