长段同种异体骨与自体带血管组织组合治疗大段骨缺损的总结

目的 通过研究血管化及促进骨愈合的方法,解决大段异体骨移植骨吸收、骨不连及再骨折等并发症.方法 对四肢10 cm以上长段骨缺损21例,采用钢板、外固定架等常规方法将大段异体骨与自体骨固定,同时采用异体骨与自体血管束、带血供骨或骨膜组合的方法,使异体骨血管化,达到促进骨愈合、防止异体骨溶解、吸收等并发症作用.其中4例采用局部血管束植入一侧断端;4例采用带血管髂骨块嵌入长段骨中部;2例带血管髂骨植入一侧骨断端;2例带血管腓骨嵌入中部;6例带血管骨膜植入一侧断端;另外血管束或骨膜加骨块组合植入3例.结果 21例中经一次治疗骨性愈合14例,经二次手术痊愈6例,失败1例.出现骨吸收、不愈合及再骨折等并发症7例,合并感染4例.经随访功能、外观满意.结论 采用自体带血管骨(膜)与同种异体骨组合移植治疗长段骨缺损,可改善大段异体骨移植的骨吸收、骨不连等并发症,有利于骨折的早期愈合.为治疗长段骨缺损较为理想的方法.

Summery of treatment of large segmental bone defect by massive allograft combined with autogeneic vascularization

Objective To study the method of solving the complications of large allograft including resorption, nonunion and refracture by means of vascularization and the way of improving bone healing. Methods The bone defect longer than 10 cm of limbs were found in 21 cases, plate or external fixator were used to fix allograft bone, and then vascularied autologous bone or periosteum were transplanted or inserted to the massive allograft In order to vascularizate allograft, improve bone healing and prevent complications of bone resorption and osteolysis. 4 cases were implanted by local vascular bondle in one end. 4 cases were transplanted vascular iliac bone into middle part the allograft bone, 2 cases were into one end. 2 cases were transplanted by vascular fibular bone. 6 cases were used vascular periosteum. 3 cases were used combined methods. Results Twenty-one cases with 10 cm or more bone defect in this group were treated by the method above. 14 cases were achieved primary healing, 6 were healing by farther operation, 1 failure. Complications were found in 7 cases, 4 occur infection in all. All were achieved satisfactory function and outlook by follow-up. Conclusion The method of vascularied autologous bone or periosteum combined with massive allograft are effective to improve bone union, reduce the complication of bone resorption and osteolysis,which proved usefull to treat large bone defect.