MRI对肛瘘的评价

肛瘘术前要求外科医师必须清楚瘘管和肛门括约肌之间的关系，有无来源于原发管的继发管需要治疗处理。MRI在诊断肛瘘中的价值越来越受到临床重视，已成为术前瘘管分类的主要方法。MRI不仅能精确显示肛管及其肛管周围的解剖，而且能将瘘管分类、明确瘘管的类型、寻找内口位置，同时还能识别其他检查方法未能发现的疾病，如术后是否存在可能会导致复发的继发感染病灶。本文主要综述肛管及相关结构的MRI检查方法、影像解剖表现，以及MRI对肛瘘类型、瘘管形态走行及瘘口的显示价值及其对临床诊治及患者转归的影响。

Magnetic resonance imaging for assessment of anal fistula

It is necessary for surgeon to know the relationship between the fistula and the anal sphincter and whether there are any secondary fistulas resulting from the primary fistulas that need to be treated before anal fistula surgery. It is now increasingly recognized that magnetic resonance imaging （MRI） is very important in anal fistula and is likely to become the main tool to classify the fistula preoperatively. Not only the anal anatomy, fistula type and internal opening, but also the disease which other examines fail to find out such as secondary infections which can cause a recurrence can be displayed well in MRI. This review summarizes the MRI method and imaging anatomy of anal canal and dependency structure, the value of MRI in displaying anal fistula type, fistula course and internal opening location, and the effect of MRI for clinical diagnosis and treatment and prognosis of patients.