胰岛素抵抗和胰岛素受体亚型A与肿瘤

流行病学调查显示,2型糖尿病患者的肿瘤发生率增加。研究发现,以高胰岛素血症为特征的胰岛素抵抗与数种肿瘤的发生风险增加有关,包括乳腺癌、胰腺癌及结直肠癌。体内外研究均显示,胰岛素及其受体在肿瘤的发生、发展中起到重要作用。胰岛素受体,尤其是胰岛素受体亚型A,在人类数种肿瘤中均有高表达,其和胰岛素及胰岛素样生长因子Ⅱ结合后,引起肿瘤的发生和(或)发展。

Insulin Resistance and Insulin Receptor Isoform A in Cancer

Epidemiologic studies have demonstrated that type 2 diabetes mellitus increases the incidence of cancer.In addition,several epidemiological studies have shown that insulin resistance status,characterized by hyperinsulinaemia,is associated with an increased risk for a number of malignancies,including carcinomas of the breast,pancreas and colonrectal.Indeed,the hormone insulin and its tyrosine kinase receptor have been documented both in vitro and in vivo to play a key role in cancer biology.Insulin receptor is over-expressed in several human malignancies and insulin receptor isoform A is especially over-expressed in cancer.Over-expression of insulin receptor isoform A and its high affinity for both insulin and insulin-like growth factor-Ⅱ is a major mechanism in cancer initiation and/or promotion.