谷子种子经高空气球搭载后的遗传变异研究

目的 选育出高产、蛋白质和用脂肪含量高的谷子品（系）种。方法 利用高空气球搭载谷子的干种子，在高空飘游８ｈ后回收种植，对其植物学特性及进行分析研究。结果 种子发芽率比对照低５．２％，发芽热比对照高２１．１％。ＳＰ１代植株高度比对照低６．８ｃｍ，旗叶面积比对照高２５％，穗重比对照高１５．９％；ＳＰ３代大穗型株系性状相对稳定，其中ＳＰ３－２的种子蛋白质和脂肪含量均高于对照经高空气球搭载后的ＳＰＥ－３５

Studies on Hereditary Variations of Millet Seed after High Altitude Balloon Flight

Objective To select high yield,high protein and fatty acid millet. Method Air dried seeds of millet were carried by high altitude balloon (HAB) for 8 h.Botany characteristics of these seeds were analyzed and studied after recovery. Result Germinating potential rose 21.1%, germinating percentage reduced 5.2% as compared with the control;plant height was 6.8 cm lower than that of the control in SP1;while flag leaf area and spike weight were 25% and 15.9% higher than those of the control respectively.Large spike strains were stable in SP3 pregeny.In SP3 -2 ,the contents of seed protein and fatty acid were more than those of control;in SP3 -5 ,the average spike length was 5.8 cm,and the content of Fe element in seed was 61.5 mg/kg more than these of control;in SP4 superspike strains,spike character, chloropyll content and photosynthetic rate were significantly higher than the control during growing phase and growing anaphase, photosynthetic rate in flag leaf was over 27.9% higher than those in the control. Conclusion New strains with high protein and fatty acid and high yield could be selected by HAB.The characteristics of these variations in the new strain is hereditable.