定期声门下分泌物吸引预防呼吸机相关性肺炎的观察与护理

目的：观察定期声门下分泌物吸引对预防呼吸机相关性肺炎（VAP）的效果。方法：将102例行经口／鼻气管导管插管机械通气的患者随机分为两组，采用可冲洗气管导管进行定期声门下分泌物吸引冲洗的为观察组（52例），采用普通气管导管进行分泌物吸引的为对照组（50例）。观察两组呼吸机相关性肺炎发生情况。结果：观察组VAP发生率为26．9％，发生时间（14±3）天；对照组发生率为58．0％，发生时间（6±4）天，存在显著性差异（P〈0．05）。结论：采用可冲洗气管导管进行定期声门下吸引冲洗，可减少呼吸机相关性肺炎的发生。

Observation and nursing of subglottic secretion drainage regularly to preven ventilator-associated pneumonia

Objective： To study the effects of regularly subglottic secretion drainage （SSD） on preventiving ventilator-associated pneumonia （VAP）. Methods： 102 patients treated by mechanical ventilation with nasal/oral tracheal intubation were randomly observation group and control group. The patients of observation group were assigned to receive either an endotracheal tube for regularly subglottic secretion drainage （n= 52 ）, the patients of the other group drainaged secretion by a standard endotracheal tube （n=50）. The incidence of VAP of two groups were observed. Results： The incidence of VAP in observation group was 26.9%, while, the average onset time of VAP was 14±3 days, that of control group were 58.0% and 6±4 days respectively. There was significant difference between two groups （ P〈0.05）. Conclusion： Subglottic secretion drainage with an endotracheal tube regularly can effectively reduce the incidence of VAP in patients receiving mechanical ventilation.