洛阳市出生缺陷监测结果及相关因素探讨

目的 :了解洛阳市围产儿出生缺陷的种类、分布及相关因素 ,为制定干预措施提供可靠依据。方法 :对监测医院出生的所有围产儿 (包括活产、死产、死胎 )进行统一的登记 ,每一例畸形儿都要请有关专家进行确诊 ,必要时进行尸体解剖、病理检查以及染色体检查等。结果 :1997～ 1999年洛阳市出生缺陷发生率为 10 14‰ ,其中城市为 7 0 9‰ ,农村为 2 4 2 2‰ ,农村明显高于城市。在各类出生缺陷中 ,神经管畸形的发生率为 3 99‰ ,居首位。出生缺陷的发生与季节、环境、孕母年龄及孕期不良因素等有关。结论 :洛阳地区出生缺陷的发病率明显高于全国及河南省平均水平 ,特别是农村出生缺陷儿发病率达 2 4 2 2‰。因此 ,把农村做为重点监测预防对象 ,巩固和完善出生缺陷的三级预防监测网 ,制定有效的预防措施 ,是降低出生缺陷发生率 ,提高人口素质的有效手段

Discussion about the situation of brith defect and correlative factors in Luoyang district

Objective: Through monitoring birth defects, the sort and distribution of it and its correlative factors is fount out in Luoyang district. And these information provide support for mkaing measures of precaution to low the incidence of birth defeets. Methods: All infants(alive or dead), bom form monitoring hospitals, are registered as unitary contects. If one birth defeet infant was found, relevantt experts would have made a definite diagnose by pathological diagnose, autopsy, or chromoscopy and so on. Results: The whole incidence of birth defects is 10.14% in Luo yang distrist, among which that of thecity is 7.09%, and that of the country is 24.22‰, the ineidence of the country is much higher than that of the city. The in-cidence of the neural tube defect, occupying 3.99%, is the highest in the all. The birth defects has clearly something withsome factors, such as delivery in the cold seasons, the unbalaneed diet, the dentrition or the age of gravidas, and touching theharmful substance in the early stage of pregnancy. Conelusion: The incidence of the both defect in the Luoyang district ismuch higher than the meam of the other district in the Henan and the China, especially the that of the country is 24.22‰, Sothe country will be the main monitored district, and by the way the monitoring net will be soldified and perfected, and somemeasures will be taken to low the incidence of the birth defects.