影响婴儿骨密度因素的对比研究

目的 为了解母亲孕期补钙和维生素D是否影响其生后婴儿骨密度(Bone mineral density,BMD),同时探讨性别、民族、喂养方式、出生季节、早产、母亲年龄等因素与婴儿BMD异常的关系.方法 2009年7月～2010年7月在新疆维吾尔自治区人民医院儿童保健门诊进行健康查体的42d婴儿335例,自主设计《婴儿BMD相关因素调查表》,进行相关情况的调查.应用以色列Sunlight公司Omnisense7000型定量超声波BMD测定仪在小儿左或右胫骨做BMD超声检测,采用EXECL2003和SPSS 13.0软件进行BMD检测结果数据整理及分析.结果 335例42天婴儿中,BMD正常者占45.4％ (152/335),偏低者占54.6％(183/335),母亲孕期补钙和维生素D三个月以上者中,其婴儿BMD正常率高于母亲孕期补钙和维生素D三个月以下或未补者的婴儿(R＜0.05).母乳喂养婴儿组BMD偏低率明显低于人工喂养组和混合喂养组(P均＜0.05),维吾尔族婴儿BMD偏低率明显低于汉族婴儿(P＜0.05)；婴儿性别,早产,出生季节,母亲年龄等因素与婴儿BMD检测结果无明显的相关性(P均＞0.05).结论 母亲孕期进行补钙和维生素D三个月以上,对生后婴儿BMD维持正常有积极作用.母乳喂养是维持婴儿BMD正常最好的喂养方式.

Comparative study the effect of calcium supplement of pregnant mothers on the BMD of their babies

Objectives To explore the effect of calcium supplement in pregnant mothers on bone mineral density （BMD） of their babies. Methods Three hundred and thirty-five babies aged 42 days were selected from Singjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Pleople＇ s Hospital between July 2009 and July 2010 and their BMD were measured using ultrasound bone densitometry. The results were statistically analyzed using EXECL2003 and SPSS13.0 software. Results Of the 335 babies, the BMD of 45.4%（ 152/335 ）babies were normal, 54.6% （183/335）were low BMD. BMD of infants did not correlated with the sex, reason, normal term, ages of mother. The normal rate of babies born by mother supplemented with calcium an vitamin D for three months were higher than those without calcium and vitamin D supplement （P〈0.05）. The abnormal rate of breast feeding babies were lower than those artificially fed （P〈0.05）. Conclusions Supplement of calcium and vitamin D in pregnant mothers for a period of three months is positively correlated with the normal BMD of their babies and breast feeding is also good for the normal development of their babies.