女性性工作者艾滋病流行现状与防控对策

女性性工作者已成为艾滋病传播和流行的高危人群以及向普通人群传播的重要桥梁人群,其中HⅣ抗体阳性检出率最高的是低档女性性工作者.流动人口对性服务的需求、各年龄段尤其是中老年人嫖娼现象大量存在以及女性性工作者自我保护意识低等是导致艾滋病传播和流行的重要因素.需加强对女性性工作者这一特殊、高危人群的有效管理和干预,在公安等部门加大“卖淫嫖娼”打击力度的同时,通过有效开展健康教育来提高该群体和群众自我保护意识、对她们实行实名制健康体检以及加强阳性女性性工作者管理等系列综合措施.本文通过对国内外文献的回顾,描述并分析女性性工作者艾滋病流行现状及防控对策的进展.

Prevalence of HIV/AIDS among female sex workers and control strategy

Female sex workers（FSWs） have become an important bridge population for the spread of HIV/AIDS from highrisk populations to general population,especially for the low-grade FSWs,their HIV prevalence is highest among FSWs.The existence of the demands for sexual services from mobile population,and large number of prostitution in all age groups,especially the elderly ones,and the poor awareness of self-protection of FSWs＇,are the main causes for HIV/AIDS epidemics.It is necessary to strengthen the effective management and intervention targeting at FSWs,since this is a special and high-risk group.In addition to the cracking down of the prostitution by the public security departments,effective health education be conducted to improve self-protection awareness of FSWs and general population,real-name system health examination for FSWs,as well as strengthening management to HIV positive FSWs etc.should also be implemented.The international domestic literature on the prevalence of HIV/AIDS and control strategies were reviewed and discussed in this article.