护士离职率现状及影响因素分析

目的分析2017年中国护理人员的离职率现状,为医院管理和护士队伍建设提供决策依据。方法提取2017年1月—12月国家护理质量数据平台按季度收集的中国30个省、自治区和直辖市医院的基本资料、人力配置数据、离职护理人员数据,对全年离职数据完整的940所医院的数据进行统计分析。结果 2017年中国护士离职率为2.15%,按季度统计,二、三季度为离职相对较高的季度;按地区和省份统计,东部、西部、中部地区护士离职率依次降低,分别为2.35%、2.02%和1.92%;不同省份护士离职率为0.75%～4.60%,离职率高的省份主要集中在东部经济发达地区;离职护理人员以初级职称、工作5年以下和大专及以下学历护士为主;不同医院特征(定级、定等、性质、类型、地区)、不同季度、不同学历、职称和工作年限的护士离职率存在差异(P<0.001)。医院定等、性质、综合医院、地区、床护比、护患比、每住院患者24 h平均护理时数和大专及以下护士占比与护士离职率显著相关(P<0.001)。结论目前我国护理队伍整体比较稳定,护士离职率不高,但3.09%的医院护士离职率和民营医院的护士离职率高达10%以上,应引起...

Nursing turnover rate and its influencing factors

Objective To describe the turnover status of nurses in China in 2017 and provide decision-making evidence for the health administrators.Methods We extracted the hospitals basic information,nursing human resource data and turnover data from the National Database of Nursing Quality reported by 940 hospitals from 30 provinces of China,and performed statistical analysis.Results The nursing turnover rate was 2.15%in 2017.The turnover rates in the second and third quarter were relatively higher than other quarters.The turnover rate declined from the east area,west area,to the middle area,which were 2.35%,2.02%and 1.92%respectively.In different provinces,turnover rates ranged from 0.75%to 4.60%and the higher turnover rates were mainly distributed in the eastern China,where economy levels were relatively high.The majority of nurses who quitted their jobs had the junior title,worked less than 5 years and held associate degree.There were differences in turnover rate among hospitals with different characteristics,different quarters,different educational background,job titles,and working years(P<0.001).The turnover rate was significantly correlated with the degree of the hospital,nature,comprehensive hospital,region,nurse-bed ratio,nurse-patient ratio and the average care time in 24 hours for one hospitalized patient and the proportion of nurses with associate degree or lower degree(P<0.001).Conclusion Currently,the nurse human resource in China is relatively stable.But 3.09%of the investigated hospitals and private hospitals had a turnover rate higher than 10%which should come into notice.Educational levels of nursing workforce and the nursing sensitive quality indicators concerning manpower disposition should be paid close attention to decline the turnover rate.